地铁岛式站台火灾环境监测与控制  

Supervision and control of fire environment on an island-platform station of metro

作　　者：鲁嘉华[1] 张志英[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620 [2]上海工程技术大学机械工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《安徽大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期39-43,共5页Journal of Anhui University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：上海市教委重点学科基金资助项目(J51401);上海市教委科技发展基金资助项目(06N5025)

摘　　要：采用CFD方法监测了上海地铁一号线人民广场站站台火灾环境下,采用事故风机+站台空调通风与回风+站台下侧排烟的强制通风、不同屏蔽门开启方式对烟气温度场、CO分布及浓度的影响.结果表明:着火6 min时,强制通风可使站台楼梯口温度Tavg<50.73℃,[CO]avg<150 ppm,并基本消除CO由站台层向站厅层的扩散;部分开启屏蔽门可实现站台层烟气向站台隧道的抽吸,增加站台安全撤离区域.结果同时指出站台层至站厅层个别楼梯口的温度、风速及风向尚未完全达到地铁设计规范要求,需要进一步分析原因.For inspecting plans of extract smoke to secure people＇s evacuation under the circumstance of fire, CFD was applied to supervise the fire environment on people＇s square island- platform station of Shanghai Metro line 1, and focused on the influences of widely used forced wind system （ tunnel ventilation fan （TVF） ＋ air conditioning of platform（SEF） ＋ under platform exhaust （UPE） on smoke temperature and CO distribution and concentration in the range of platform and on the entrance of stairs, the key routes for evacuation. Also the ability of screen platform doors in fire environment control under different opening was observed. Simulation results exhibited that 6 rain after fire occurred, the forced wind system would lower temperature on stairs entranced to less than 50.73 ℃, CO less than 150 ppm, and prevented diffusion of CO to lobby. If the platform screen doors was partly opened, smoke would be extracted to turnnel thus to increase safe rooms on platform for people＇s evacuation. The supervise pointed out that wind speed and its direction on some stairs were insufficient and incorrect for evacuation in the case of fire regarding the standards of subway station design issued by government and the reasons should be further analyzed.

关 键 词：地铁 岛式站台 火灾 环境 监测 控制 

分 类 号：U231.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]