玉米群体改良在创造新种质资源和选系中的效应与方法探讨  

Effect and Techniques of Maize Improvement in Creation of New Germplasm and Selection Inbred lines

作　　者：陈庆华[1,2] 邓尔超 王延波[1,2] 张喜华[1,2] 李哲[1,2] 李景昕 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院玉米所 [2]辽宁省种子管理站

出　　处：《辽宁农业科学》1998年第2期3-8,共6页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：通过２４年持续选育研究，先后组配出各类群体，并采用各种方法进行改良，从“辽综”群体选育出一批推广及区试品种的亲本系，在较广泛遗传基础上，改良和保存了我国主要玉米杂种优势群体种质之一的“旅大红骨”；在地方品种“哈大顶”种质中改良育出大穗型“辽巨”群体，并从中育出成为国家发明奖品种“辽原１号”亲本和具有多基因高赖氨酸珍贵性状的自交系“辽巨３１１”；利用地方品种“大洋白”种质，经导入热带种质育出成为获奖青贮玉米新品种的“洋墨”群体改良后代“辽洋白”；新组配出多抗型“辽锋”群体等。作者肯定地评价了混合选择和辐射诱变的作用，特别是论证了密植选择在群体改良和选系中的良好效果，并提出采用动态的群体改良方式来进一步提高育种效果。Based on selection and research for 24 years,various populations were composed and has been improved with different techniques. Some strains,that were parental inbred lines for commecial or regional tests were bred from “ Liao Zong ” population;One of the main maize germplasms for maize heterosis in China “ Lu Da Hong Gu ” has been improved and well preserved;From germplasm of open pollinated variety “ Ha Da Ding” is bred a big ear type population “ Liao Ju ” population,from this population a good inbred line “ Liao Ju 311 ”,which is the parental line of hybred “ Liao Yuan No.1 ” is selected and has multigenic high lysine charecters,that change protein composition and increase lysine content of maize endosperm;A good new silage corn “ Liao yang Bai ” is bred from “ Yang Mo ” population,which was improved by tropic induction out of open pollinated variety of maize “ Dai Yang Bai ”, Recently,“ Liao Feng ” population is bred,which has greater resistance to diseases and is more resistant to lodging. On the basis of experiments,writers affirmatively evaluate the mass selection and seed irradiation with mass selection for population improvement in maize, demonstrate especially the good effect of recurrent selection by close planting for population improvement as well as breeding of inbred line and propose improvement of maize population in progressive procedure,so that the efficiency of selection may be increased.

关 键 词：玉米 群体改良 自交系 种质 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S513.035.1[农业科学—作物学]