牛山湖浮游生物群落DNA指纹结构与物种组成的关系  

Relationship Between DNA Fingerprinting Structure and Species Composition of Planktoncommunity in Niushan Lake

作　　者：吴利[1,2] 余育和[1] 冯伟松[1] 张堂林[1] 邓文娜[1,2] 张翔[1,2] 刘志新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期84-90,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30570240,30490232);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2002CB412308)资助

摘　　要：利用RAPD及DGGE指纹技术揭示牛山湖5个采样点浮游生物群落的DNA多态性,并定性地探讨其与物种组成的关系。结果如下:(1)从40条随机引物中筛选出9条引物,共获得93条谱带,多态率为58%;各采样点所得谱带平均为67条,其中Ⅰ站最少,为61条,Ⅴ站最多,为74条;(2)PCR-DGGE指纹图谱共含102条谱带,其中原核生物56条,真核生物46条,谱带总数以Ⅲ站、Ⅳ站和Ⅴ站较多,Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站较少;(3)5个采样点共观察到62种/类浮游生物,其中Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站种类较少,Ⅲ站、Ⅳ站和Ⅴ站种类较多,分布概率在100%的种类达19种。多维尺度(MDS)分析表明:基于RAPD指纹和DGGE指纹,Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站最相似,Ⅲ站、Ⅳ站和Ⅴ站最相似;基于物种组成,Ⅳ站和Ⅴ站相似性最高,Ⅲ站和Ⅳ站次之,相对RAPD指纹和DGGE指纹,Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站相似性较低。研究表明:浮游生物群落DNA指纹结构与物种组成有一定的相关性,可能因部分物种信息的缺失导致些许偏差。Plankton act as an important part of the biodiversity and play significant roles in aquatic ecosystems. Because of their small size and high metabolic rate, plankton are very sensitive to environmental changes, so they are used as indicators of water quality. However, traditional studies on plankton community composition have depended on taxonomic identification which has historically been a difficult task. Recently, different fingerprinting techniques have been developed and applied successfully to analyze the community structure of bacterial and picoplankton. However, little is known concerning the whole plankton community. This study investigated the relationships between DNA fingerprinting structure and species composition of plankton in Niushan Lake. Following the species identification, the DNA polymorphism was assessed by RAPD and DGGE, their relations were then assessed with MDS. The results were： （1） 9 of 40 screened random primers used in the study amplified a total of 93 observable bands, the mean number of amplified bands at different stations was 67, stationⅤhad the maximum number（74） and station Ⅰ had the minimum（61） ; （2） a total of 102 bands were detected by PCR-DGGE, stations Ⅲ, Ⅳ, andⅤ had more bands, stations Ⅰand Ⅱ had fewer bands; （3） a total of 62 planktonic taxa were identifed, the detected taxa at station Ⅲ were the most（42）and ranged between 32 and 41 at the other stations, 19 species were detected at five Sampling stations. MDS indicated that, based on RAPD markers and DGGE markers, stations Ⅰ and Ⅱ were the most similar to each other, the similarity coefficients at stations Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ were also very high; based on species composition, stations Ⅳand V were the most similar to each other, stationⅢ was most similar to station Ⅳ, stations Ⅰ and Ⅱ were less similar than when considering RAPD markers and DGGE markers. In conclusion, our results suggested that the DNA fingerprinting structure of plankton community corresponded to t

关 键 词：浮游生物 RAPD DGGE DNA指纹结构 物种组成 牛山湖 

分 类 号：Q17[生物学—水生生物学] Q178.1[生物学—普通生物学]