一种节水钻探新技术的机理与试验研究  

Mechanism of the new technique for water-saving drilling and its experimental study

作　　者：卢春华[1] 鄢泰宁[1] 蒋国盛[1] 叶戈罗夫 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,武汉430074 [2]俄罗斯自然资源部地质研究所,图拉300026

出　　处：《工程勘察》2009年第2期42-45,共4页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：中国地质大学(武汉)优秀青年教师资助项目(CUGQNL0819)

摘　　要：中国水资源严重缺乏，缺水正逐步成为制约干旱地区正常钻探的矛盾。节水钻探技术是缓解“工程型”水资源短缺，提高钻探效率的有效技术手段。本文介绍了一种基于孔内地层水局部循环的节水钻探新技术及工作机理，对节水钻具进行了大量室内外实钻实验研究，得出影响其工作性能的主要因素，并对其节水和提高钻速的效果进行了测试。研究表明：混入高压管线中的空气对节水钻探新技术的性能影响很大，应设计排气装置及时排出高压管线中的空气；节水钻探新技术适合钻进岩粉相对较少的中硬一硬地层，且宜采用大水口钻头；与传统工艺相比，节水钻探新技术能够节约地表水90％以上，同时可提高钻速10％～15％，显著降低钻探成本。There is the serious shortage of water resources in China, and the water shortage is gradually becoming the major contradictions when drilling in arid region. The technique for water-saving drilling is the effective technique that could release the shortage of the engineering water resources and improve the drilling efficiency. The new technique for water-saving drilling and its working principle are introduced, and a lot of field and laboratory tests are carried out for the water-saving drilling tools. The major factors to influence the new technique are obtained, and the effects of saving water and improving drilling rate are tested. The study indicates that the air mixed in the high-pressure pipe has a great influence on the said technique, and the releaser should be designed to discharge the air. The said technique is fit for drilling the half-hard to hard formations with less rock cuttings, and the bits with large water gaps should be adapted. Compared with the traditional drilling technique, the new technique could save more than 90 percent of the water used and improve the drilling rate with 10 - 15 percent, and the drilling cost could greatly be reduced.

关 键 词：干旱地区 缺水 节水钻探 工作机理 

分 类 号：P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]