亚洲沙尘的远距离输送及对海洋生态系统的影响  

Lang-range Transport of Asian Dust and Its Effects on Ocean Ecosystem

作　　者：高会旺[1] 祁建华[1] 石金辉[1] 石广玉[2] 冯士筰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室(LASG),北京100029

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2009年第1期1-10,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目“上层海洋-低层大气生物地球化学与物理过程耦合研究”(编号:40490260);第二课题“大气沉降对中国近海氮营养物的贡献”(编号:40490262);新世纪优秀人才支持计划(编号:NCET-04-0639);国际科技合作项目“亚洲沙尘的气候与环境效应研究”(编号:2006DF21950)

摘　　要：亚洲沙尘是全球沙尘的重要组成部分,其环境效应已得到广泛关注,但至今对亚洲沙尘输送/沉降—海洋生态系统响应—辐射活性气体海气交换—间接气候效应这一过程的认识却是非常初步的。亚洲沙尘存在3个主要源区,对其排放强度的认识仍存在较大的不确定性。亚洲沙尘可以通过长距离输送而影响到广大的北太平洋,其传输路径和影响范围决定于沙尘的来源、粒子谱分布与大气环流特征等因素。沙尘沉降是海洋营养物质和污染物质的来源之一,但沉降通量的估算结果仍有待进一步验证,而对海洋生态系统的作用机制及其反馈还缺乏足够的了解。论文在综述国内外相关研究的基础上,提出了"亚洲沙尘与海洋生态系统"(Asian Dust and Ocean EcoSystem,ADOES)研究计划的科学目标和主要研究内容。It is recognized that Asian dust, one of the main component of dust in the world, has important effect on air quality, transportation, human health and climate, but only primary knowledge about the mechanism of eolian dust-ocean ecosystem-radiative gases-climate change has been obtained. The estimation of dust emission from three main sources in Asia remains great uncertainty. Asian dust would exert effect on a broad area of the Northern Pacific Ocean after long-range transportation by the west wind, and its transport path and reaching area rely on the location of source, spectral distribution of dust and the pattern of atmospheric circulation. It is well known that at- mospheric deposition of dust is one of the main sources of nutrients and pollutants in the ocean, hut the understand- ing of its effect on marine ecosystem and feedback is quite limited. Based on the reviews of related research, the contents and objective of ADOES（Asian Dust and Ocean EcoSystem）, are suggested.

关 键 词：亚洲沙尘 远距离输送 海洋生态系统 ADOES 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P736.212