哈尔滨市生态系统供需水平和发展能力动态  

Supply-demand level and development capability of Harbin urban ecosystem

作　　者：蔡春苗[1,2] 尚金城[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,长春130024

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第1期163-169,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2005CB724207)

摘　　要：衡量城市生态系统供需水平及定量测度其发展能力是确保城市持续发展的重要途径.基于生态足迹分析模型和修正的城市生态承载力模型,对1998—2005年哈尔滨市自然资源的利用程度及其供给水平进行了定量研究,综合量度了城市生态系统的供需状况,并对哈尔滨城市发展能力进行了分析.结果表明,研究期间,哈尔滨市生态系统的需求大于供给,虽然研究区的生态赤字呈减小趋势,年降幅为2.45%,但生态系统供需矛盾仍较突出.生态足迹多样性指数与发展能力总体均呈上升趋势,后者的升幅远大于前者,说明研究区发展能力的提高是以消耗生态资源为基础的,城市发展处于不可持续状态.应从社会、经济等方面采取措施来调和生态系统供需矛盾,以实现哈尔滨市的可持续发展.To measure the supply-demand level and the development capability of urban ecolsystem is the prerequisite in ensuring urban sustainable development. By using the analysis model of ecological footprint and the improved model of urban ecological carrying capacity, the utilization rate and supply degree of natural resources in Harbin City in 1998-2005 were quantitatively studied, with the supply-demand level and development capability of the City＇ s ecosystem measured and analyzed comprehensively. The results showed that in 1998-2005, the demand of Harbin urban ecosystem was greater than its supply. Though the ecological deficit had an annual decrement of 2.45%, the contradiction between demand and supply of the ecosystem was still obvious. The di- versity index of ecological footprint and the development capability both presented an overall uptrend, but the increment of the latter was far greater than that of the former, which illustrated the enhancement of the development capability being based on the consumption of ecological resources, and the urban development being of not sustainable. Social economic measures should be adopted to coordinate the contradiction between demand and supply and to realize the sustainable development of Harbin City.

关 键 词：哈尔滨市 生态系统 供需水平 生态承载力 发展能力 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]