牛亚科5个群体β-Lg基因PCR-RFLP分析  

Identification of genetic polymorphism of beta-lactoglobulin gene in five Chinese cattle populations by PCR-RFLP analysis

作　　者：武秀香[1] 杨章平[1] 毛永江[1] 王小龙[1] 瞿冬艳[1] 陈仁金[1] 周里根 王建勇 尹召华 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]上海光明荷斯坦牧业有限公司,上海200072 [3]扬州大学试验农牧场,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2008年第4期6-9,共4页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863-2008AA102144)

摘　　要：应用PCR-PFLP技术,分析荷斯坦奶牛、鲁西黄牛、闽南黄牛、渤海黑牛和青海牦牛5个群体741头个体β-乳球蛋白(β-Lg)基因第4外显子和β-Lg 5′侧翼区2个基因座的多态性。结果表明:前4个群体β-Lg A、B基因频率分别为0.4125/0.5875、0.1419/0.8581、0.0333/0.9667和0.1857/0.8143,β-Lg 5′侧翼区A、B基因频率分别为0.412 5/0.5875、0.7286/0.2714、0.7328/0.2672和0.8637/0.1364;牦牛β-Lg B和E基因频率为0.0732/0.9269,未发现其他等位基因。适合性检验表明:β-Lg第4外显子在荷斯坦奶牛、鲁西黄牛和渤海黑牛3个群体中已达Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,而闽南黄牛未达到平衡状态;β-Lg 5′侧翼区位点荷斯坦奶牛群体接近平衡,其余群体均已达平衡。群体遗传学分析表明:除闽南黄牛β-Lg 5′侧翼区为低度多态外,2个位点在其余群体内均为中度多态,荷斯坦奶牛这2个位点的杂合度和期望杂合度最高,闽南黄牛最低。提示这一研究成果为开展地方遗传资源保护奠定了基础。The genetic polymorphisms of β-Lg exon Ⅳ and β-Lg 5＇ flanking region in five populations of Chinese cattle, including Holstein, Luxi cattle, Minnan cattle, Bohai cattle and Yak, were detected using PCR-RFLP. The results indicated that mutations of β-Lg exon IV and β-Lg 5＇ flanking region in the populations were found. Genetic analysis showed that, the frequencies of allele A and B in former four populations were 0. 412 5/0. 587 5, 0. 141 9/0. 858 1, 0. 033 3/0. 966 7 and 0. 185 7/0. 814 3 respectively. The allele frequencies of A and B on β-Lg 5＇ flanking region were 0. 412 5/ 0. 587 5, 0. 728 6/0. 271 4, 0. 732 8/0. 267 2 and 0. 863 7/0. 136 4 respectively. Only alleles fi and E were found in Yak, with allele frequencies of 0. 073 2/0. 926 9 and genotype EE and BE, no carriers of other genes or genotypes were found. A chi-square analysis suggested that Holstein, Luxi cattle, Minnan cattle, Bohai cattle populations had reached Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium in two loci, and Yak was unequilibrium in β-Lg exon Ⅳ. Only Minnan and Yak cattle population had low polymorphism information content in two loci, others had moderate values. Heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were highest in Holstein cattle and lowest in Minnan cattle. Conclusions from this study lay scientific foundation to protection and utility of genetic resources.

关 键 词：牛 β-Lg基因 PCR-PFLP 遗传多态性 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]