百日咳流行病学研究进展  

Research Progress of Bordetella Pertussis Epidemicology

作　　者：张柳[1,2] 赵建宏[2] 张庶民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国药品生物制品检定所,北京100050 [2]河北医科大学第二医院,石家庄050003

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2008年第6期559-564,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：百日咳是由百日咳鲍特菌感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病,人群普遍易感,尤以婴幼儿为重。全世界自20世纪50年代使用百日咳疫苗(Pertussis vaccine,PerV)以来,其发病率和死亡率有了很大程度的降低。但近些年,即使在PerV覆盖率较高的发达国家,百日咳的发病率又有了升高的趋势,而感染人群为已接种过PerV的青少年、成人为特点。产生这种现象的原因是多方面的,如:监测水平、免疫的持久性等。近些年百日咳鲍特菌的主要毒力基因的抗原漂移现象,作为又一解释原因引起了各国学者的关注。该文就百日咳的致病机制、流行病学特点、百日咳"再现"的原因等进行探讨。Pertussis is an infectious respiratory disease that more severe in infants and young children. With the introduction of mass vaccination in 1950s,there has been a dramatic decrease in the morbidity and mortality. In recent years,increasing numbers of pertussis are reported in ado- lescents and adults in many countries where with high vaccination coverage. The resurgence of pertussis may be multifactorial, such as improved surveillance, the duration of pertussis vaccine immunity. Another explanation about antigenic shift between vaccine strains and clinical strains has been concerned by many researchers. The thesis summarized and discussed the pertussis pathogenic mechanism,epidemiology and factors contributing to the resurgence.

关 键 词：百日咳 流行病学 抗原漂移 

分 类 号：R516.6[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]