克氏原螯虾繁殖生物学研究  

The Study on Reproductive Biology of Procambarus clarkii

作　　者：龚世园[1] 吕建林[1] 孙瑞杰[1] 李浪平[1] 何绪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2008年第6期23-25,30,共4页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家支撑计划;湖北省重大攻关项目(2007BAD37B;0106AA203A03)

摘　　要：对克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）繁殖生物学进行了研究。结果显示：克氏原螯虾的性成熟年龄为1年左右;雌虾最小体长为6.4 cm,最小体重为10 g;雄虾最小体长为7.1 cm,最小体重为20 g。5～9月为交配期,其中以6～8月为交配高峰期。克氏原螯虾交配后大约为30 d左右产卵。繁殖期为7～10月,高峰期为8～9月。10月底以后抱卵的虾由于水温逐步降低,一直延续到第2年春季才孵化。克氏原螯虾的繁殖行为与掘洞行为密切相关,繁殖期的掘洞数量较非繁殖期明显增多。7～10月,亲虾均栖息在洞内繁殖,洞穴深度为50～80 cm。卵巢为一次产卵类型。雌雄比例为1∶1。克氏原螯虾的个体绝对繁殖力的变动范围为172～1158粒,平均为517粒。个体相对繁殖力（F/W）的变动范围为2～41粒/g,平均为21粒。个体相对繁殖力（F/L）的变动范围为47～80粒/cm,平均为63粒。The natural maturity age of Procambarus clarkii is about I year. The smallest body length of female is 6. 4 cm, the minimum body weight is 10g; the smallest body length of male is 7. 1 cm, the minimum body weight is 20 g. The mating season is from May to September, and the copulation peak is from June to August. P. clarkii probably spawns in 30 d after mating. The nursery stage is from July to October, and the peak is from August to September. After the end of October, those crayfish that carrying eggs will not hatch until the next spring, since the water temperature reduces gradually. The crayfish＇s reproduction behavior is closely related with digging the hole behavior, and the quantity of the holes in the nursery stage increases obviously compared to them in the non-nursery stage. July to October, the parent crayfishes reproduce in the cavern, and the depth of cavern is 50 - 80 cm. The ovary is single spawner. The female and male proportion is 1： 1. The mobility scale of the individual absolute reproductive capacity of crayfish is 172 - 1158 grains; the average is 517 grains. The mobility scale of the individual relative reproductive capacity（F/W） is 2 - 41 grain/g; the average is 21 grains. The mobility scale of the individual relative reproductive capacity（F/L） is 47 - 80 grain/cm, the average is 63 grains.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii) 交配期 繁殖期 繁殖力 

分 类 号：S961.1[农业科学—水产养殖] S959.7[农业科学—水产科学]