潮汐河口分类指标与河床演变特征研究  

Study on classification index and fluvial processes of tidal estuaries

作　　者：熊绍隆[1] 曾剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省水利河口研究院,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《水利学报》2008年第12期1286-1295,共10页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

摘　　要：本文在前人关于河口分类研究的基础上,分析了影响河口形态及其演变的主要因素,收集整理了水沙资料相对齐全的29个河口的相关数据及其演变特征,根据潮汐河口水流挟沙率与流速的关系,确定以径、潮流比值α和径、潮流含沙量比值β的组合αβ1/2作为潮汐河口分类指标,并采用投影寻踪动态聚类模型予以论证。在此基础上,应用分类指标α1β/2将潮汐河口分为河口湾型、过渡型和三角洲型三大类,其中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类进一步各分成三个亚类。随后对不同类型河口的形成条件、水沙运动和河床演变特征进行了初步分析。Based on the analysis on the main independent factors affecting the estuary morphology and fluvial processes obtained from 29 estuaries in the world, the combination of the ratio of river runoff to tidal flow a with the square root of the ratio of corresponding sedimentation concentration β is adopted as the index for classification of tidal estuaries. The rationality of this adoption is verified by using the projection pursuit dynamic cluster model （PPDC）. According to this index the estuaries are classified into three kinds, including firth, transition and delta. The latter two kinds can be further divided into three sub-kinds. The formation condition, movement of flow and sediment as well as the characteristics of fluvial processes for different kinds of estuaries are analyzed.

关 键 词：潮汐 河口分类 径流 潮流 含沙量 河口湾 三角洲 河床演变 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]