强制好氧堆肥不同阶段氧气浓度变化及其与腐熟指标关系  

Dynamics of Oxygen Concentration and Its Relationship with Maturity Indexes During Forced Aeration Composting

作　　者：徐智[1] 张琴[1] 张陇利[1] 梁丽娜[1] 王琳[2] 李季[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第1期189-193,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：北京市生态学重点学科项目(XK10019440);北京都市农业学科群建设项目(XK100190553);广东省农业攻关项目(2006A20302001)

摘　　要：以鸡粪为主要原料采用自制不锈钢堆肥发酵罐,研究了强制好氧堆肥过程中氧气浓度的变化规律以及堆肥中氧气浓度的变化与堆肥部分腐熟指标的关系。结果表明,堆肥不同阶段耗氧特征不同,即堆肥的各个时期氧气浓度从19%左右下降到5%左右的时间不同,快速升温期、高温期、降温期和腐熟期分别耗时为15、30、60和180min;根据耗氧特征设定通风方案,并且通过堆肥过程中氧气浓度的动态变化规律,验证和调整了通风方案。通风方案最终确定为:快速升温期、高温期、降温期和腐熟期通风间隔时间分别为15、20～30、60和180min;堆肥腐熟后期氧气浓度变化与腐熟指标有密切的关系,以C/N比和发芽指数(GI)为考核指标,发现堆肥停止供氧3h后,堆体内氧气浓度保持在7%以上可以考虑作为堆肥腐熟的标志。Dynamics of the temperature, oxygen concentration, oxygen consumption rate, C/N ratio and germinate index（GI）during composting of chicken manure were studied, and the relationship between oxygen consumption rate with the classic indicators of evaluating the maturity of compost, C/N ratio and GI, and maturity of compost were researched. The results showed that the oxygen depletion time varied from about 19% to 5% with different periods of composting, being 15, 30, 60 and 180 min at rapid rising-temperature stage, persistent high-temperature stage, descending-temperature stage and maturity stage respectively. According to this, the ventilation plan was designed and tested. The final ventilation time was set as 15, 20-30, 60 and 180 min for those 4 different composting stages. To take C/N ratio and germinate index （GI） as criteria, the compost would be matured when the aeration terminated 3 h after and the oxygen concentration inside the pile still maintained above 7%.

关 键 词：堆肥 氧浓度 耗氧周期 腐熟指标 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]