烤烟不同成熟度叶片外观性状特征与化学成分变化规律的研究  

Study on Change Law of Appearance Characters and Chemical Components in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves with Different Maturity

作　　者：鲁艺[1] 李虎林[1] 姬文秀[1] 孙立娟 

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林龙井133400 [2]延边农业科学院烟草研究所,吉林龙井133400

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第35期15550-15551,15567,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(2006012)

摘　　要：[目的]为提高烟叶品质提供理论依据。[方法]以烤烟品种龙江911为材料,其中部叶发生后50、55、60、65、70、80 d时分别取样,测定不同成熟度叶片的物理特性和叶片中烟碱、总糖、还原糖和总氮含量。[结果]65 d叶龄的叶片烘烤后平衡含水率和填充值最大,分别为18.33%和3.58 cm3/g,其他物理性状也较好。鲜烟叶中烟碱、总糖和还原糖含量随着叶龄的增加呈先上升后下降趋势,烘烤后烟叶中烟碱含量略有下降,总糖、还原糖含量明显增加。鲜烟叶中总氮含量随着叶龄的增加呈下降趋势,烘烤后略有下降。65 d叶龄的叶片总氮与烟碱含量之比和钾、氯含量之比比较适宜。[结论]烤烟中部叶片的最佳采收时间是65 d叶龄。[ Objective ] The study was to provide the theoretical basis for increasing tobacco leaf quality. [ Method ] With flue-cured tobacco variety Longjiang 911 as the material, the samples were separately taken after the middle leaves grewing out for 50, 55,60, 65,70, 80 d, the physical characteristics and the contents of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar and total N in flue-cured tobacco leaves with different maturity were detected. [ Result] After baking, the equilibrium moisture content and the filling value of the leaves with 65 d age were the biggest, being 18.33% and 3.58 cm^3/g resp. , and other physical characteristics of leaves with 65 d age were also better. In fresh tobacco leaves, the contents of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar were first increased and then decreased. After baking, the content of nicotine in tobacco leaves had some decrease, and the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar were increased obviously. The content of total N in fresh tobacco leaves showed a descending trend with the increase of leaf age and had some decrease after baking. The eontent ratios of total N and nicotine, K and Cl were more suitable. [ Conclusion ] The best harvest time for middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco was 65 d age.

关 键 词：烤烟 叶龄 外观性状特征 化学成分 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]