摩擦速度对铜基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能影响  

Effect of Friction Speed on Friction and Wear Performance of Cu-matrix Friction Materials

作　　者：韩晓明[1] 高飞[1] 宋宝韫[1] 符蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2009年第1期89-96,共8页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50375025);国家863计划资助项目(2006AA03Z515)

摘　　要：采用粉末冶金技术制备了铜-石墨-SiO2烧结材料，通过定速摩擦试验机，在摩擦速度为7．8～47．1m／s的范围内，研究摩擦速度、第三体与摩擦磨损性能的关系．结果表明，摩擦第三体的状态与摩擦速度密切相关，并明显影响摩擦磨损性能．在摩擦顺序从低速开始向高速进行的条件下，随摩擦速度的提高，摩擦表面第三体由颗粒状分布向密实状态转变，表面微观硬度提高，摩擦系数下降，磨损率变化不明显．这归因于低速条件下摩擦副间的啮合程度大，使摩擦系数处于较高值．随速度增加，致密状第三体的易流动性具有润滑和平滑作用，起到降低摩擦系数的作用；在摩擦顺序从高速开始向低速进行条件下，摩擦表面被高速摩擦形成的致密第三体所覆盖，致密第三体的稳定性具有降低摩擦系数波动的作用．但磨损率在摩擦速度较低时出现快速增加．原因在于随摩擦速度的降低，摩擦温度降低，致密第三体脆性增加，致密第三体的大面积破裂和剥落提高了磨损率．To investigate the relationship of friction and wear performance to friction speed and third bodies of Cu - matrix friction materials, Cu - Graphite - SiO2 sintering materials were prepared through powder metallurgic technique. The investigation was conducted on a pin - on - disk tester in the speed range of 7.8 - 47.1 m/s. The results demonstrate that the formation of the third bodies during friction was closely related to the friction speed and significantly affects the friction and wear performance of the materials. When the friction started from low speed and subsequently moved to high speed, the type of third bodies on the friction surfaces change from particulate to dense formation, resulting in increase in micro - hardness, decrease in friction coefficient, and no obvious variation in wear rate. At low speed, the higher level of clenching action between the friction pair led to higher friction coefficient. As the speed increased, the dense third bodies acted as lubricant due to their mobility for lower friction. When the friction speed changed from high speed to low, on the other hand, the friction surfaces were covered with third bodies formed at high speed. The stability of the dense third bodies reduced the fluctuation of the friction coefficient. However, the wear rate rose rapidly at low speed. This was attributed to the breaking and peeling off of large masses of third bodies, which was triggered by the increase in brittleness of the dense third bodies as the temperature dropped with the decrease of friction speed.

关 键 词：铜基摩擦材料 摩擦磨损 第三体 摩擦速度 

分 类 号：TF125[冶金工程—粉末冶金] TH117.3[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]