不同生态条件下羊草无性系种群分蘖植株年龄结构的比较研究  

COMPARISON OF AGE STRUCTURES OF THE TILLERS IN THELeymus chinensis POPULATION,A CLONAL GRASS SPECIESUNDER DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS

作　　者：杨允菲[1,2] 郑慧莹[1,2] 李建东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学草地研究所 [2]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《生态学报》1998年第3期302-308,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：在４次取样的平均年龄谱中，１龄级分蘖植株的数量比重是割草样地＞休闲样地＞放牧样地，２、３、４龄级分蘖植株均为放牧样地＞休闲样地＞割草样地。放牧干扰可以促进各龄分蘖节的再生存活。但是对根茎形成分蘖植株却起到了一定的削弱作用。割草干扰可以促进翌年根茎形成分蘖植株，从而使各龄级分蘖节的再生存活量减少。放牧能促进老龄分蘖植株的物质生产。割草将影响翌年生长季前期各龄分蘖植株、尤其是老龄分蘖植株的物质生产，但是这种影响至生长季中期便消失。休闲可促进各龄分蘖植株、尤其是老龄分蘖植株在翌年生长季前期的物质生产。各样地营养分蘖植株和生殖分蘖植株的生物量均以１龄分蘖植株最大，并且随着年龄的增加而减少。割草地羊草种群在乳熟期的生殖分配是３龄＞１龄＞２龄级分蘖植株。从潜在种群芽的年龄结构看，翌年割草地将仍是增长型种群，放牧地和休闲地将是稳定型种群。Leymu chinensis is a rhizomatous grass with larger vegetative propagation.The natural grassland of the L.chinensis is fine pasture for grazing and harvesting hay.The age structures of the tillers and some quantitative characters of the clonal populations of the L.chinensis in different interference conditions were comparatively analysed in this paper.The proportion of tillers of one year old was the largest in the haymaking plot,the second in the resting plot,the fewest in the grazing plot.The proportion of tillers of two to four years old were all the largest in grazing plot,the second in resting plot,the fewest in the haymaking plot.The survival of tillers developed from tiller nodes of every age could be promoted while tillers developed from the rhizomes could be whittled down by grazing interference during next growth season.The tillers developed from the rhizomes could be promoted,but the number of tillers developed from the tiller nodes of every age could be lessened by haymaking interference during next growth season.The material production on old age tillers could be enhanced by grazing utilization.The material production every age tillers,especially old age tillers would be affected by haymaking utilization in the early stage during next growth season while the effect had disappeared until the middle stage during growth season.The material production every age tillers,especially old age tillers could be enhanced under resting management condition in the early stage during next growth season.The productivities both the vegetative tillers and reproductive tillers of one year old were the largest.And then the produtivities decreased of along with age increasing in three plots.The reproductive allocation in tillers of three years old was the largest,the second in tillers of one year old,the feweset in tillers of two years old on the population in the haymaking plot at the milking stage.The age structures on buds of potential developing tillers showed that the population would be a growing t

关 键 词：羊草 分蘖节 年龄结构 无性系禾草 干扰生境 

分 类 号：Q949.714.2[生物学—植物学]