长白山杨桦次生林采伐林隙种子库特征  

The Seed Bank in Logging Gaps in Populus davidiana-Betula platyphylla Secondary Forests in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：张智婷[1] 宋新章[2] 肖文发[3] 高宝嘉[1] 张慧玲[2] 胡雁林 国立红 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,保定071001 [2]浙江林学院,杭州311300 [3]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [4]吉林省白河林业局,安图133613

出　　处：《林业科学》2009年第1期21-26,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家“十五”科技攻关计划(2004BA510B05)

摘　　要：研究长白山杨桦次生林不同大小采伐林隙的土壤种子库特征。结果表明:杨桦次生林非林隙林分中种子库储量远高于林隙,但多样性比林隙低;不同大小林隙内的种子库储量差异显著,其中50～100m2大小的林隙内种子库储量最大;随林隙形成时间的延长,林隙内的种子库储量减少,但多样性有所增加;林隙内不同部位间的种子库储量变化较大,且丰富度大小同个体密度大小的变化不一致;种子库中优势种突出,水曲柳、紫椴、山槐与色木槭4个树种的种子数量占种子总量的74.3%以上;地表凋落物层对种子落入土壤有明显的阻滞作用;在林隙形成初期,种子库的组成及数量主要由腐殖质层种子库决定,但随时间的推移枯枝落叶层种子库对整个种子库的贡献越来越大;林隙内土壤种子库同地上更新幼苗相似性不大。The soil seed bank in logging gaps of different sizes and ages was studied in Populus davidiana-Betula platyphylla secondary forests in Changbai Mountain. The result showed： There were significantly fewer seeds in gaps than under canopy although the species diversity in gaps was greater than under canopy. The soil seed bank reserves had significant difference in magnitude among gaps of different sizes and ages. The reserve decreased and the species diversity increased with the increasing gap age, and the largest reserve occured in the gap size of 50 - 100 m^2 . There was big variation of the seed distribution in different site within gaps. The seed bank magnitude was mainly decided by seeds in humus layer （0 - 10 cm） at the initial stages of gap, seeds in the litter contributed more and more to total seed bank with increasing gap age due to retardarce from the litter. The dominant species in the seed bank in gaps were mainly composed of Fraxinus mandshurica, Tilia amurensis, Maackia amurensis and Acer mono, which accounted for 74.3 % of total seed numbers. In addition, there was low similarity in species composition between seed bank and seedlings within gaps.

关 键 词：土壤种子库 采伐林隙 杨桦次生林 更新 长白山 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]