2008年初湖北省雨雪过程酸雨特征及成因  

FEATURE AND CAUSE ANALYSIS ON ACID RAIN OF RAINING AND SNOWING COURSE IN EARLY 2008 IN HUBEI PROVINCE

作　　者：许杨[1] 杨宏青[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉区域气候中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2008年第A01期128-131,共4页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：湖北省科技发展基金"酸雨潜势预报方法研究"项目(2006Y01)资助

摘　　要：利用湖北省32个气象酸雨监测站在2008年初雨雪过程中的306次有效降水样品检测资料及相关气象环境资料,分析了此次雨雪过程的酸雨特征及成因,以期对降雪酸沉降的深入研究有所帮助。分析结果表明,全省平均pH值为3.97,酸雨发生频率为89.2%,强酸雨发生频率达到64.4%,均高于历史同期平均水平。32个气象酸雨监测站的降水平均pH值除孝感外均呈酸雨,其中20站酸雨发生频率达到100%。此次雨雪过程酸雨强度大且频发是由多方面原因综合影响所致,首先,强盛的西南气流有利于长江以南重酸雨区污染物的迁移,其次,低温导致燃煤用量增加,引起酸性物质排放的增多,而较强的逆温层又使污染物扩散条件变差,此外,雪花较雨滴更慢的降落速度和更大的比表面积使其能够更充分的捕集和吸收大气中的酸性物质。This paper analysis the feature and cause on acid rain of the raining and snowing course in early 2008, using the acid rain and relevant meteorological and environmental status of 32 acid rain stations. This may be helpful to the advancing study of acid fall of snowfall. The results show that the average pH value of precipitation throughout the whole province is 3.97, and the frequency of acid rain appearance is 89.2 %, and the frequency of strong acid rain appearance is 64.4% ,which are all above the average level of corresponding period. The average pH of precipitation of 32 acid rain stations present to be acid rain except Xiaogan station,and the frequency of acid rain appearance of 20 acid rain stations is 100%. There are several reasons resulted in this heavy and frequency raining and snowing course. Firstly, the strong southwest air current is in favor of the contamination transfer in south of Yangtse River. Secondly,low temperature causes the increase using of coal which improves the emission of acidic substance,and the strong inversion layer is disadvantage to the contamination diffusion. Furthermore, the falling speed of snow is slower and specific surface area of snow is larger than raindrop, so it can be much more sufficient to catch and absorb acidic substance in atmosphere.

关 键 词：雨雪 酸雨特征 成因 

分 类 号：X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P42[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]