四川紫色土丘陵区不同土地利用方式下大型土壤动物群落结构  

Community structure of soil macrofauna under different land-use systems in the purple hilly areas of Sichuan Basin

作　　者：吴玉红[1] 蔡青年[2] 林超文[3] 陈一兵[3] 李玉英[4] 程序[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [3]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610066 [4]河南省南阳师范学院生命科学院,南阳473061

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2009年第1期34-40,共7页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2006CB100206)资助

摘　　要：为了解不同利用方式土地大型土壤动物群落结构,于2006年冬季和2007年春季对四川紫色土丘陵区农田边界、农田、果园和退耕林地进行了大型土壤动物调查,采用野外手捡法共采集大型土壤动物2838只,隶属于3门9纲24类。研究结果表明:不同土地利用方式大型土壤动物群落的个体密度、类群数和DG多样性指数存在差异。冬季,农田边界的个体密度显著高于其他土地利用方式,类群数和DG多样性指数显著高于退耕林地和农田;农田的个体密度、类群数和DG多样性指数明显处于最低水平。大型土壤动物群落的个体密度和类群数在垂直分布上具有明显的表聚性。Jaccard相似性系数和Grower系数表明农田边界、果园与退耕林地三者间相似程度较高,农田与农田边界、退耕林地、果园之间相似程度较低。研究认为土地利用方式对大型土壤动物的群落结构有明显影响,农田边界的存在对大型土壤动物生物多样性的保护具有重要意义。In winter 2006 and spring 2007, soil macrofauna were investigated in four land-use systems （field margin, farmland, orchard and forestland returned from farmlands） in the purple hilly areas of Sichuan Basin. The soil macrofauna were manually sorted. A total of 2 838 soil individual macrofauna were captured and classified into 3 phyla and 9 classes. Results of the study show that individual density, group number and DG diversity index of soil macrofauna communities significantly vary with land-use systems. Individual density is significantly higher in field margins than in other forms of land-use, especially in the winter season, group number and DG diversity index are significantly higher in field margins than in farmlands and returned forests. The lowest individual density, group number and DG diversity index exists in farmlands. Individual density and group number decrease with increasing soil depth in the four land-use systems. Jaccard and Grower coefficients have a high similarity among soil macrofauna communities in field margin, orchard and returned forestland. A low similarity is observed among soil macrofauna communities in farmland and field margin, farmland and orchard, farmland and returned forest. The findings suggest that soil macrofauna communities are strongly influenced by land utilization. Also, field margin plays an important role in conserving soil macrofauna.

关 键 词：大型土壤动物 群落结构 多样性 土地利用 紫色土丘陵区 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学] S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]