西双版纳海巴戟炭疽病和病原菌分生孢子萌发、附着胞形成条件的研究  

Studies on the anthracnose disease of Morinda citrifolia and the effects of temperature,pH,light and carbon source on conidial germination and appressorium development of the pathogen

作　　者：蔡志英[1] 刘昌芬[1] 蓝增全[2] 李海泉[1] 蒋桂芝[1] 苏海鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,景洪666100 [2]西南林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物保护》2009年第1期90-93,共4页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家林业局“948”项目(2007-4-8);农业部南亚热作专项

摘　　要：对西双版纳海巴戟炭疽病进行调查和病原菌鉴定。结果表明，海巴戟炭疽病周年发生，8月的发病率和病情指数最高，分别为40．76％和8．9。根据病原菌形态特征，将其鉴定为瓜类炭疽菌[Colletotrichum orbiculare（Berk．＆Mont）]。有关温度、pH、光照和碳源对病原菌孢子萌发和附着胞形成影响的研究显示，20～35℃，海巴戟炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发率高，20℃是形成附着胞的最适温度；最适合海巴戟炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发和形成附着胞的pH为4～8；在日光灯连续光照、12h光暗交替和自然光照射条件下分生孢子萌发率在90％以上，光照对此病原菌附着胞形成的影响差异不大；1％葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、D-果糖和α-乳糖溶液中孢子萌发率都不高。The epidemiology of the anthracnose pathogen on Morinda citrifolia L. was studied in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. The disease could be observed all the year round. The incidence of the disease and the disease index reached its peak at 40.76 % and 8.9, respectively in August. According to morphological characteristics and incubation properties, the pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum orbiculare （Berk. ＆ Mont）. The effects of temperature, pH, light and carbon source on conidial germination and appressorium development were evaluated. The conidia could germinate well from 20 ℃ to 35 ℃, and the optimum temperature for appressorium development was 20 ℃. In 24 hours light, 24 hours dark, natural light or alternation of light and darkness every 12 hours, the germination rates were over 90 %. Different light treatments had no significant effects on appressorium development. The germi- nation rates were low in 1 % glucose, maltose, sucrose, D-fructose or α-lactose.

关 键 词：海巴戟 炭疽菌 孢子形成 附着胞 萌发 

分 类 号：S432.9[农业科学—植物病理学]