北京城乡几种常见老年病流行病学调查  

An Epidemiology Study on Common Diseases Among the Elderly in Beijing

作　　者：高芳坤[1] 于普林[1] 郑宏[1] 杨泽[1] 谷明明[1] 张培兰[1] 洪衣舒[2] 苏鸿学[2] 黄魏宁[2] 胡建华[2] 李增金[2] 刘桂芳[2] 姜中央[2] 余存泰[2] 左涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部老年医学研究所,北京100730 [2]卫生部北京医院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》1998年第3期159-161,共3页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家"九.五"攻关资助

摘　　要：为了解影响老年人生存质量的几种常见老年病的现状和分布特点 ,用随机、整群抽样的方法对北京城乡 1434例 60岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查和体检。结果表明 :在老年人中前列腺增生、老年聋、白内障、骨关节病、骨折、便秘患病率城市分别为 61.4 %、53.9%、4 6.4 %、2 4 .4 %、14.2 %、18.2 % ,乡村患病率分别为 65.7%、64.7%、4 4 .4 %、14.9%、9.1%、2 3.0 %。城市老年人骨关节病 ( P<0 .0 1)、骨折 ( P<0 .0 5)患病率高于乡村 ,乡村老年聋 ( P<0 .0 1)、便秘 ( P<0 .0 5)患病率高于城市 ;老年人上述几种常见病的既往诊断率均低于现患率 ( P均 <0 .0 1) ,且农村低于城市( P<0 .0 1)。因此应加强老年人特别是农村老年人常见病的防治工作。In order to study the status and characteristics of some common diseases of elderly which seriously influence the Quality of Life of the elderly,1434 elderly over60 years old in the urban and rural areas of Beijing were investigated with a randoml sampling method.The results showed that prostate hyperplasia,deafness,cataract,osteoarthropathy,bone fracture and constipation among the elderly were61.4 % ,53.9% ,4 6.4 % ,2 4 .4 % ,14.2 % and18.2 % in the urban areas,and65.7% ,64.7% , 4 4 . 4 % ,14. 9% ,9. 1% and 2 3. 0 % in the rural areas respectively.The prevalence rates of osteoarthropathy( P<0 .0 1) and bone fracture( P<0 .0 1) were higher in the urban areas than in the rural areas ( P<0 . 0 1) .In contrast,the prevalence rates of deafness ( P<0 .0 1) and constipation ( P<0 . 0 5) of the elderly were higher in the rural than those in the urban.The prevalence rates of above diseases were lower when selfreporting than that by the medical examination,and also lower in the rural than in the urban( P<0 .0 1) .Hence,the prevention and treatment of the common diseases of elderly should be strengthened,especially in the rural areas.

关 键 词：老年病 流行病学 调查 

分 类 号：R592.01[医药卫生—老年医学]