试论科学主义的发展演变、积极影响与历史局限  

On the Development, Positive influences, and Historical Limitations of Scientism

作　　者：王莉莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2009年第1期110-112,共3页Journal of Beijing administration institute

摘　　要：产生于近代西欧的科学主义思潮,在科学观上,绝对化了科学的普遍合理性;在哲学观上,以科学的标准否定并排斥传统形而上学;在价值观上,把科学作为评判事物价值的唯一尺度。科学主义对社会历史的发展起到了积极推动作用:使人们摆脱了神学的束缚;促进了科学技术的进步;加速了工业社会的进程。随着时代的变迁,科学主义历史局限性也日益突出:把科学作为衡量万物的唯一标准不符合人类发展的实际需要;科学理性导致的结果是重物不重人,脱离了"人的全面发展"这一目的;过度强调科学主义还导致人和自然关系的失衡。Scientism was born in modern Western Europe. Its view of science ossified the universal rationality of science. Its view of philosophy denied and rejected the traditional metaphysics according to the scientific standard. Its values took science as only criterion of judging things. Scientism played a positive role in promoting the development of social history, such as making people throw off the shackles of theology, promoting the progress of science and technology, and speeding up the process of industrial society. With the change of time, the historical limitations of scientism became more and more obvious. These limitations include the following. Taking science as only criterion of judging everything is unsuitable to the practical needs of human development. Scientific reasoning resulted in emphasizing things instead of human. It ignores the purpose of human＇s all-round development. Overemphasizing scientism also resulted in the imbalance of relationship between man and nature.

关 键 词：科学主义 演变 影响 局限 

分 类 号：C1[社会学]