南水北调中线主要城市节水潜力分析与对策  

Water Saving Potential Analysis and Countermeasures for Major Cities for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project(SNWTP)

作　　者：刘昌明[1,2] 左建兵[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,100875 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2009年第1期1-7,共7页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2006CB403407);中国科学院“跨流域调水对陆地水循环影响与水安全研究”项目资助;中国科学院院士工作局中国水问题咨询项目

摘　　要：为了实现"三先三后",即先节水后调水,先治污后通水,先环保后用水的原则,现分析了南水北调中线主要城市的用水情况、用水性质和特点,建立了节水潜力计算模型,包括工业节水潜力、城镇生活节水潜力、再生水利用潜力、雨水利用潜力和减少管网漏损的潜力。计算了中线20个地级以上城市的2010水平年和2030水平年节水潜力,结果表明,总体上节水潜力巨大,2010年达到19.387亿m3,2030年达30.774亿m3,占中线远期供水量的13.8%和21.8%。最后,提出了4条对策,建立开源节流的统一观;治污与城市节水的全面同时建设;实现当地水与外调水统一调配,实现水资源的可持续利用;推动城市水资源价费改革与产业结构升级,有效控制城市用水需求。In order to carry out three principles for SNWTP, that is water saving before water transfer, pollution control before water access, environment protect before water use, water use situation, properties and traits were analyzed in detail. Water saving potential models for five sectors was made, including industrial sector, domestic and public service sectors, reclaimed water use, urban rainwater harvesting and water saving potential resulted from decrease of water pipeline leakage reate. The results show that the major 20 cities would possess a huge water saving potential of 1. 9387 × 10^9m^3 in 2010, 3. 0774× 10^9m^3 in 2030, which accounted for 13.8% and 21.8% of volume of midline water planned to transfer respectively. Four countermeasures are suggested by the authors on basis of the analysis of water saving potential and water allocation principles in urban areas. These countermeasures included： constructing integrated view of combination of broadening water resources and decreasing water consumption, carrying out overall construction of pollution control and water-saving cities, performing comprehensive allocation of local water and transferred water, deepening reforms for water resource price and upgrading industrial structure for urban water demand effective control.

关 键 词：南水北调 中线受水区 节水潜力 对策 

分 类 号：TV68[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV213