冬小麦不同叶层叶绿素和可溶性蛋白对氮磷肥的响应  

Responses of Cholorophyll and Soluble Protein in Different Leaf Layers of Winter Wheat to N and P Nutrients

作　　者：杨晴[1,2] 刘奇勇[1,3,4] 白岩[1] 韩金玲[1,2] 李雁鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,河北保定071001 [2]河北科技师范学院,河北昌黎066600 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2009年第1期128-133,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家“粮食丰产科技工程”河北省课题(2004BA520A07,2006BAD02A08);河北省教育厅科技计划项目(2001114);河北农业大学“9816”重点科技计划项目

摘　　要：为了明确氮磷等营养元素对小麦不同叶层与光合作用有关的生理指标的影响,在大田条件下研究了小麦不同叶层的叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白含量对氮磷营养的响应。结果表明,小麦顶层叶和中层叶的叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量的变化趋势相同,均表现为以挑旗到开花期为顶点的单峰型变化,而下层叶则多为双峰型变化。不同处理比较,小麦各叶层的可溶性蛋白含量及下层叶的叶绿素含量表现为对照<施氮<氮磷配合,顶部叶和中层叶的叶绿素含量也以对照最低,但施氮与氮磷配合的差异不大。各叶层的叶绿素含量与籽粒产量、穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重呈显著或极显著正相关,与籽粒蛋白含量、容重等品质性状相关不显著。可溶性蛋白含量与产量和品质指标的相关性则因生育时期和叶层而异。In order to clarify the response characteristics of cholorophyll and soluble protein in different leaf layers of winter wheat to N and P nutrients, a field experiment, including four cultivars with different qualities, i. e. , Gao 8901, Shi 4185, Henong 341 and Henong 859, and three fertilizing levels, i. e. , CK （0 fertilizer）, N （N225 kg/ha） and NP （N 225 kg/ha＋ P2O5 150 kg/ha）, was conducted on the Teaching and Demonstration Farm of Agricultural University of Hebei during 2002-2003 winter wheat growing period. The results showed that, the dynamics of chlorophyll and soluble protein contents in leaves of top and middle layers of all cultivars and all fertilizing treatments were all single peak curves, with the peaks at booting to anthesis. However, the dynamics of chlorophyll and soluble protein contents in leaves of lower layer were double peak curves. The soluble protein contents of all leaf layers and the chlorophyll content of lower layer were most in the order of CK〈N〈NP. The chlorophyll contents in leaves of top and middle layers under CK were also the lowest among the three fertilizing treatments, but the difference of chlorophyll contents for these layers was not significant between N and NP treatments. The chlorophyll contents of all leaf layers were usually positively correlated significantly or very significantly with grain yield, spike number per hectare, grain number per spike and grain weight per spike, but not significantly correlated with the quality parameters such as grain protein content and test weight. The correlation between soluble protein content and grain yield and quality parameters depended on growth stages and leaf layers. Those results provided experimental basis for regulating the photosynthesis related physiological parameters of different leaf layers of winter wheat by fertilization measures.

关 键 词：冬小麦 叶层 叶绿素 可溶性蛋白 氮磷肥响应 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318