艾滋病传播犯罪与“同意”抗辩:我国的回应  

AIDS Transmission Crime and "Consent" Defense:the Response of China

作　　者：赵西巨[1,2] 唐炳舜[3] 

机构地区：[1]新西兰奥塔哥大学法学院 [2]山东中医药大学人文社科学院,济南250014 [3]山东中医药大学,济南250014

出　　处：《医学与社会》2009年第2期39-41,共3页Medicine and Society

摘　　要：对于艾滋病传播行为,可以适用我国的传播性病罪,可以在人身伤害类罪下进行考虑,而没有必要设立带有道德偏向的、适用上带有争议的传播性病罪。对于艾滋病传播犯罪,应充分考虑到被害人同意给侵害人所带来的抗辩效果。对"同意"抗辩的认可显现的是一个国家对个体自主和隐密关系的尊重。欺诈会导致同意无效。但在"欺诈"的认定上,不仅要考虑当事人的不诚实,还要考虑HIV感染风险之重大和特别性以及是否采取保护措施,以显现公共卫生之考虑。尽管对于艾滋病不宜单独设罪,但是,基于该病的灾难性和致命性,在被害人是否同意上,法律应当寻求对艾滋病的单独的知情同意,而不应淹没在其它性病当中。It is not a good idea to create a separate provision of crime for AIDS. It is better to consider AIDS-related crime under the crime of physical harm. It should be aware that the consent of a victim is a good defense for the person who commits the AIDS-related crime. The recognition of consent defense reflects a country＇s respect for individual autonomy and intimacy. Fraud will make consent invalid. To define ＂fraud＂, the law should consider not only dishonesty but also the great risk for and particularity of HIV infection, as well as the protective me- asures. Due to the catastrophic and fatal nature of AIDS, the law should advance a requirement for a separate and special informed consent to the fact of HIV transmission. But that will be in conflict with public health policies. With AIDS falling more readily into an average person＇s knowledge, the victim should be responsible for any risk of an act he or she has consented, including the risk of HIV transmission.

关 键 词：艾滋病 犯罪 

分 类 号：R167[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]