膜曝气生物膜反应器同步硝化反硝化研究  

Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification of Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactor

作　　者：胡绍伟[1] 杨凤林[1] 刘思彤[1] 宫正[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学环境与生命学院,工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室,大连116024 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第2期416-420,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50578023)

摘　　要：炭膜作为膜曝气生物膜反应器膜组件处理人工合成废水,在单一反应器内实现了同时去碳脱氮.结果表明,当进水COD和NH4+-N浓度分别为338mg/L和75mg/L,HRT为14h,炭膜腔内压力为13.6kPa时,COD、NH4+-N和TN的去除效率分别为82.5%、95.1%和84.2%.但是在反应器运行的后期TN去除效率明显下降,主要是因为高有机负荷导致无纺布上的微生物过度繁殖,严重影响了硝化过程的进行.通过荧光原位杂交和扫描电镜技术观察生物膜微生物结构,得出厌氧或兼氧菌主要分布在生物膜外层的缺氧区,而氨氧化菌主要分布在生物膜内层的好氧区.硝化细菌和反硝化细菌在生物膜内的共存实现了炭膜曝气生物膜反应器的同步硝化反硝化.A carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor was developed to treat municipal wastewater, in which the carbon and nitrogen were removed simultaneously. The results showed that COD removal, NH4^＋ -N removal and TN removal efficiency could reach 82.5 % , 95.1% and 84.2%, respectively, under the conditions of intra-membrane pressure of 13.6 kPa, HRT of 14 h, influent COD and NH4^＋ -N concentrations of 338 mg/L and 75 mg/L. However, in the last period during the operation of the reactor, the TN removal efficiency dramatically decreased because of the excessive growth of biomass on the nonwoven fiber, which also had serious negative effect on nitrification course. The microbiological community and spatial profiles were observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and scanning electron microscopy. The anaerobic and anoxic bacteria were mainly located in the outer anaerobic region of the biofilm, while the aerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria were mainly located in the inner aerobic region of the biofilm. The co-existing and coupling effect of aerobic nitrifying bacteria and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria provided the large biological potential for the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor.

关 键 词：膜曝气生物膜反应器 同步硝化反硝化 氨氧化菌 荧光原位杂交 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]