长江口中华鲟保护区鱼卵和仔鱼的分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of fish eggs and larvae in Acipenser sinensis Natural Reserve at Changjiang River Estuary

作　　者：蒋玫[1] 王云龙[1] 沈新强[1] 庄平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第2期288-292,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(NSFC30490230WP4-003);科技部科技基础性工作和社会公益研究专项(2003DIB4J129);上海市财政农业专项资助项目

摘　　要：根据2004年5月和8月共2个航次对中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)保护区及其邻近水域16个定点观测站进行的鱼卵和仔鱼调查资料,对该水域鱼卵仔鱼的种类组成和数量分布的季节变化特征以及有关的环境影响因子作了分析和探讨。结果表明:鱼卵仔鱼的种类组成和数量分布呈现明显的季节变化特征。春夏季种类组成变化大,种类数春季高于夏季;其中,以凤鲚(Coilia mystus)卵和仔鱼分布最多,其变动直接影响总量的变化;平面分布范围夏季较春季小,数量主要集中于崇明岛北部的北支水域和崇明东滩的东南部水域,崇明岛南部沿岸的北港水域相对较少;由于调查水域受长江径流的作用十分明显,因而数量分布和种类组成上随径流的变化表现出较明显的季节变动;南、北支水系的水文条件不同,海水由东向西楔入的程度不同,产生的环境状况影响了鱼卵仔鱼的平面分布格局。Based on the two cruises investigation in Acipenser sinensis Natural Reserve and its adjacent waters （31°19.58′N-31°38′N, 121°32. 08′N-122°11.65′E） in May and August 2004, the seasonal variations of species composition and quantitative distribution of fish eggs and larvae in the study area were studied, with the relevant environmental affecting factors analyzed. The re- sults showed that in study area, the species composition and quantitative distribution of fish eggs and larvae varied remarkably in different seasons. The species composition varied greatly between May and August, and the species number was greater in May than in August. Coilia mystus was the dominant species, and its quantitative variation directly affected the variation of the total amount of fish eggs and larvae. The fish eggs and larvae had a smaller distribution range in August than in May, and mainly concentrated in the north branch waters and the southeast part of east tidal Chongming Island. Relatively small quantity of fish eggs and larvae was observed at the south coast of Chongming Island. Such a distribution feature of fish eggs and larvae basically reflected the differences in the seasonal variation of water movement, hydrological conditions, and wedging rate of seawater in the south and north branch waters in the study area.

关 键 词：中华鲟保护区 鱼卵仔鱼 生态分布 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]