生态风险评价研究进展  

Research progress on ecological risk assessment

作　　者：孙洪波[1,2] 杨桂山[1] 苏伟忠[1] 万荣荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第2期335-341,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40601098和40801222);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所知识创新工程所长基金资助项目(CXNI-GLAS2006-06)

摘　　要：生态风险评价有效整合了学术研究、政策制定和生态环境管理,越来越多地被应用到生态环境问题的解决。生态风险评价研究历经20多年发展历程,风险源从单一风险源扩展到多风险源,风险受体从单一受体发展到多受体,评价尺度也从种群、生态系统扩展到区域和景观水平。但已有研究中,风险受体大部分还停留在生物个体或种群水平,风险受体尺度有待扩展,定性或者半定量研究方法亦难以适应现有研究尺度以及综合性评价的要求,因此,基于区域可持续发展视角的大尺度、综合性定量评价方法和模型将成为未来研究的重点。Ecological risk assessment integrates the ecological research, decision-making, and environment management efficiently, being applied to treat with the problems in ecological environment all over the world. The research of ecological risk assessment experienced a twenty-year development course of 1 ） risk source being developed from single to multiple, 2） risk receptor being developed from single to multiple, and 3） risk assessment scale being developed from population and ecosystem level to regional landscape level. In the previous researches, risk receptor was mostly at individual or population level, which should be extended. The qualitative and semi-quantitative methods adopted previously could not fit the demands of current research scale and integrated assessment, and thus, large-scale integrated quantitative assessment method and model based on the viewpoint of sustainable development would be the main research focus in the future.

关 键 词：生态风险 评价 框架 模型 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]