秸秆类生物质加压气化特性研究  

Study on Characteristics of Pressurized Biomass Gasification

作　　者：肖军[1] 沈来宏[1] 邓霞[1] 王泽明[1] 仲晓黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学热能工程研究所,江苏省南京市210096

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2009年第5期103-108,共6页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50306002;20590367);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2007CB210208);新世纪人才支持计划项目(NCET-05-0470)~~

摘　　要：采用热重分析与气相色谱分析(TG-GC)相结合的方法,开展了水蒸气气氛下生物质(麦秸)加压气化特性研究,探讨压力对反应动力学特性与气化产物的影响。实验结果表明生物质常压气化与加压气化特性有显著差异;加压条件下,麦秸的气化反应过程受化学反应动力学和扩散作用控制。麦秸水蒸气气氛下的热解阶段可视为一级反应,半焦气化阶段视为缩核反应;加压下热解、气化的表观活化能和频率因子均随反应压力的提高而增加。水蒸气对生物质热解气化具有活化作用,相比N2气下麦秸的表观活化能降低。此外,生物质水蒸气气化产物中H2浓度最大,达到50%以上,表明水蒸气是生物质气化制氢适宜的气化介质;随着气化压力的提高,CO2和CH4浓度增加,而CO浓度降低。Characteristics of pressurized steam gasification of biomass （wheat straw） were investigated by means of thermogravimetric analyzer and gas chromatographic analyzer （TG-GC）. The effect of pressure on the kinetics of biomass gasification and gas composition of gasification production was discussed. The results show that the characteristics of pressurized steam gasification of biomass are different from that at the atmospheric pressure. Under the elevated pressure, the process of biomass gasification is controlled by both reaction kinetics and diffusion rate. Under the steam atmosphere, the process of biomass pyrolysis can be dealt with the first order reaction model, and gasification process can be dealt with a shrinking-core model. The apparent activation energy of pyrolysis and gasification increases with the gasification pressure. In addition, the supplement of steam is beneficial to biomass pyrolysis and gasification, and the apparent activation energy is smaller than that in the N2 atmosphere. Hydrogen content is the highest in the gas production of biomass gasification, and it reaches more than 50%. The result also shows that steam is a favorable agent for hydrogen production from biomass gasification, and the concentrations of CO2 and CH4 increase with gasification pressure, whereas CO decreases.

关 键 词：生物质 加压气化 热重分析 反应动力学 水蒸气 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]