电厂烟气氨法脱碳技术研究进展  

Research progress of CO_2 capture by using ammonia from flue gas of power plant

作　　者：刘芳[1] 王淑娟[1] 陈昌和[1] 徐旭常[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《化工学报》2009年第2期269-278,共10页CIESC Journal

摘　　要：随着"后京都时代"的到来,电厂烟气氨法脱碳技术成为近年来新兴的CO2减排方法研究热点之一。本文对国内外有关氨法脱碳的机理、主要工艺和参数等的相关研究给予了详细的总结与分析,并对存在的问题和技术未来发展等方面进行了阐述。现有试验及系统模拟结果表明,氨法脱碳技术可实现90%以上的CO2脱除效率,氨水溶液具有1.0 kg CO2/kg NH3以上的吸收能力;其中,CO2脱除效率、吸收能力及速率等参数主要受氨水浓度、吸收反应温度、吸收剂再生条件等因素影响。经济性研究显示,氨法联合脱除技术有望将CO2捕获带来的电价增长控制在20%以内。With the coming of the post-Kyoto period, CO2 removal by using ammonia solutions has become an emerging, hot research subject in the recent years. This paper focuses on the related researches on the mechanism of CO2 removal by the ammonia method, major technical details and parameters, and gives a detailed summary and analysis. Some conclusions of the researches, existing problems and the future of this technology are described. The results of the experiments and simulations show that the efficiency of CO2 removal by ammonia solutions could reach more than 90 % and the CO2 absorption capacity might be above 1.0 kg CO2/kg NH3. Experimental results show that CO2 removal efficiency, absorption capacity and absorption rate mainly depend on the concentration of aqueous ammonia, reaction temperature of absorption and conditions for reagent regeneration. The economic analysis tells that the combined removal of acid gases and heavy metal from flue gas by using ammonia might achieve the goal of only 20 % increase in the cost of electricity （COE）.

关 键 词：电厂 烟气 二氧化碳脱除 氨吸收法 

分 类 号：TQ028.2[化学工程] X701.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]