山东省霾日时空变化特征及其与气候要素的关系  

Spatial-Temporal Variations of Hazes in Shandong Province and Its Relationship with Climate Elements

作　　者：王业宏[1,2] 盛春岩[2] 杨晓霞[2] 高慧君[2] 张华[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省气象科学研究所,济南250031 [2]山东省气象台,济南250031 [3]中国气象局国家气候中心中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2009年第1期24-28,共5页Climate Change Research

基　　金：山东省气象局2007年重点课题"山东省雾霾天气预报预警技术研究"(2007sdqxz06);山东省2008年科学技术发展计划"山东省雾霾天气成因及预报预警技术研究"(2008GG10008003);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2006CB403707)资助

摘　　要：利用山东省70个台站1961—2005年地面气象观测资料,运用EOF等统计方法,对山东省45a来霾日数时空变化的气候特征进行了诊断分析。结果表明:山东省年平均霾日空间分布呈现鲁中、鲁南的部分地区多,鲁北、半岛大部地区少的特点。霾主要发生在秋冬季。过去45a,山东省霾日数总体具有较强的上升趋势,2000年后略下降;霾天气发生时能见度主要在5～10km,相对湿度主要为70%～90%;霾日数的变化与气温成正比,与降水量、风速呈反比。The characteristics of spatial-temporal variations of hazes in Shandong Province were analyzed by using the surface observation data from 1961 to 2005 and employing the EOF method as well as other statistical methods. The results indicate that the average annual haze days was higher in the middle and south of Shandong Province and lower in the north of Shandong Province and most of the Shandong Peninsula. Hazes mainly occurred in autumn and winter. Hazes showed a generally rising trend over the past 45 years, but a slightly falling trend after 2000. The inter- annual variation of hazes was obvious. When a haze occurred, the visibility mostly ranged from 5 to 10 kin, and the relative humidity ranged from 70% to 90%. The day number of hazes was proportional to temperature, but inversely proportional to wind speed.

关 键 词：霾 EOF方法 时空分布 山东省 

分 类 号：P427.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]