日光温室滴灌条件下黄瓜氮、磷、有机肥肥效与施肥模式研究  

Study on the response and fertilization model of cucumber for nitrogen,phosphorus and manure application in greenhouse under drip irrigation

作　　者：徐福利[1] 王振[1] 徐慧敏[1] 万超[1] 陈志杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学、中国科学院、水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省动物研究所,陕西西安710037

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2009年第1期177-182,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-XB2-05-01);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD09B07)资助。

摘　　要：采用氮(N)、磷(P)、有机肥三因素五水平最优设计,在陕北黄土高原进行了日光温室黄瓜N、P和有机肥肥效与施肥模式的田间试验。得到了日光温室黄瓜N、P和有机肥的肥效反应模式,以及N、P和有机肥单因素对日光温室黄瓜产量的影响。结果表明,N、P、有机肥对日光温室黄瓜产量增加的影响是有机肥>N>P,施用有机肥是日光温室黄瓜增产的主要措施。当施P_2O_5量小于750 kg/km^2、施氮量小于1150 kg/hm^2时,N、P肥有增产效果,用量大于此施肥量时N、P肥效降低。根据反应模式提出黄瓜目标产量在83000～88000 kg/hm^2之间,95%置信区间的N、P、有机肥最佳施肥用量为N 807.5～1309.3、P_2O_5 576.6～991.6 kg/hm^2、有机肥41.3～148.9 t/hm^2。N:P_2O_5为1:0.714～0.757。日光温室黄瓜种植应以有机肥为主,氮、磷肥配合施用。The response and fertilization model of cucumber for nitrogen, phosphorus and manure application were studied under greenhouse in a field experiment in northern Shaanxi of the Loess Plateau. The optimum design of nitrogen, phosphorus and manure with 5 levels was applied in the field experiment. The result shows that the order of the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and manure on yield improvement is manure 〉 nitrogen 〉 phosphorus. To improve cucumber yield under the greenhouse environment, the main measure should be the application of organic manure. With the phosphorus application amount less than 750 kg/ha and nitrogen application amount less than 1150 kg/ha, there are remarkable yield increase effects, while the N and P fertilizer effieiencies are decreased when the application amounts are increased. When the target yield of cucumber is from 83000 to 88000 kg/ha, and confidence interval is 95 %, the optimum fertilizer application amounts are 807.5-1309.3 kg/ha, 576.6-991.6 kg/ha, and 41.3-148.9 t/ha for N, P205, and manure, respectively. The ratio of N：P2O5 is 1：0.714-0.757. During cultivation process of cucumber, it should pay attention to the application of organic manure fertilizer and as well as the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus.

关 键 词：日光温室 黄瓜 肥效 施肥模式 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学] S605