云南4个贫困县5岁以下儿童营养不良现况  

The current malnutrition status of five-year-old children in four poverty stricken counties of Yunnan Province

作　　者：仇赛云[1] 房少华[1] 刘锦桃[1] 忽丽沙[1] 沈建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省妇幼保健院儿保科,昆明650051

出　　处：《中国生育健康杂志》2008年第6期327-329,339,共4页Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health

摘　　要：目的了解云南4个贫困县农村地区5岁以下儿童体格发育和营养不良及影响因素。方法按全国九市儿童体格发育调查方案,采用《世界卫生组织0～6岁儿童身高、体重参考值与评价标准》进行评价。结果女童低体重率19.0%(403/2124),男童15.0%(316/21077),差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.81,P<0.01);女童消瘦率4.8%(102/2124),男童3.0%(64/21077),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.76,P<0.01);傣族儿童消瘦率高于其他民族,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.41,P<0.05,);低出生体重和月龄是低体重、发育迟缓和消瘦的重要因素,随着月龄增大低体重、发育迟缓和消瘦率有增高的趋势;民族是低体重率的影响因素之一,急性肠炎是消瘦率的影响因素之一。结论增强孕期营养,增加新生儿的出生体重,重视婴幼儿的辅食添加,加强对女童和傣族儿童的营养指导,可促进婴生长发育,降低营养不良发生。Objective To understand five-year-old children＇s physical growth and malnutrition problem as well as the influencing factors in Yunnan four poverty stricken county areas. Methods According to the national nine cities＇ child physical growth investigation program, we use ＂WHO 0-6 Year-Old- Child Height/Weight Reference Value and Evaluation Criteria＂ to carry out the evaluation. Results The rate of low weight among girls （ 19. 0 % ） is significantly higher than that among the boys （ 15. 0 % ） （χ2 = 11.81, P 〈0. 01）. The rate of thin individuals was 4. 8 % and 3. 0 % for girls and boys, respecitively, and the difference has statistics significance （χ2 = 8.76, P 〈0. 01 ）. The weight loss rate of the Dai nationality is higher than other ethnic groups. The difference has statistics significance （ P 〈 0. 05, χ2 = 13.41 ）. Conclusion By strengthening nutrition during the pregnancy, improving the weight of the newborn babies, paying more attention to the additional feed and giving more nutritional guides to girls and the individuals of Dai nationality, we can improve children＇s physical development and reduce the malnutrition problem.

关 键 词：儿童 营养不良 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]