卵石夹沙河流动床泥沙数学模型研究  

Study on sediment models in river with gravel and sand bed

作　　者：杨美卿[1] 王桂仙[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》1998年第1期19-22,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：根据丘陵和山区卵砾石河流在水文泥沙，地质地貌方面的特点，将水流阻力划分为河床阻力，岸壁阻力与河道形态阻力，给出了相应阻力系数的模拟计算方法。除进行水流中悬移质和推移质运动的模拟外，还将河床划分为河床交换层，扰动层等四层。考虑河床表层中各组泥沙的起动及其隐曝系数、起动概率、可能的供应量对输移泥沙的制约作用，引用了河床交换层中的泥沙连续方程。模型用川江河道与水槽试验的资料进行检验，表明能较好地模拟这类河流的水流、泥沙输移与河床泥沙的冲淤，可满足一般水利水电工程设计研究的需要。This paper pays emphasis on the characteristics of the type of rivers. mountains or hilly lands. River flow resistance is divided into 3 types, bed resistance, bank resistance and river figural resistance, and their modeling methods are proposed. The river bed is considered as a polymer made up from exchange layer, turbulent layer, nonturbulent layer and unable scouring layer. The threshod of bed materials having different sizes, their hideandseek effects, their transport possibility, the control rolls of sediment amount provided by bed and the sediment continuity in bed exchange layer are accounted in this model. The tests and verifications conducted by using the data from flume experiments and fields show that this model can satisfy the needs of engineering design and research especially in treating problems related to scouring in gravely river bed.

关 键 词：卵石夹沙河流 冲刷 河流泥沙模型 河床 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV147