塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴过境时近地层风速、温度和湿度廓线特征  

Profile Characteristics of Wind Velocity, Temperature and Humidity in the Surface Layer during a Sandstorm Passing Taklimakan Desert Hinterland

作　　者：何清[1] 魏文寿[2] 李祥余[3] 艾力.买买提明 李帅 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]中国科学院城市环境研究所,福建厦门361003 [4]乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2008年第6期6-11,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40775019);新疆维吾尔自治区科技攻关项目(200833119);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(idm2006002)联合资助项目

摘　　要：利用塔中80m梯度观测塔探测系统采集的资料,详细的分析了2006年4月10日沙尘暴过境时,塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地近地层风速、温度和湿度廓线的演变特征。结果表明:风速廓线满足风速值随高度增高而增大,风速梯度随高度增高而减小的对数律关系;沙尘暴由爆发前到过境时,温度廓线的温度值由随高度增高而增大转变为温度值随高度增高而减小,同时在贴地层2m处存在一微弱拐点;沙尘暴过境时,近地层大气出现微弱逆湿现象,并在不同高度上存在多处拐点,比湿增减在时间上与风速的增减呈负相关性,且整个沙尘暴天气是一个降温增湿的过程。Using the latest data which gathered from the meteorological gradient tower by the height 80m in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert, we detailedly analyzed the evolution characteristics of wind velocity, temperature and humidity profiles in the surface layer during a sandstorm passing Taklimakan Desert hinterland on April 10, 2006.The results indicated： the wind velocity profiles satisfied logarithmic rule that the wind speed value increased and the wind speed gradient decreased with increasing height; during the sandstorm erupted and passed, the temperature value of profiles changed from increasing to decreasing with height increasing, and simultaneously, a weakinflection point existed at the height of 2 m near the ground; when this sandstorm was passing, the phenomena of weak inverse humidity appeared in the atmospheric surface layer and there were many inflection points at different height, the fluctuation between the specific humidity and the wind speed assumed negative correlation along with the time. The weather of sandstorm is a process which temperature decreases and humidity increases.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠 沙尘暴 近地层 廓线 逆温 逆湿 

分 类 号：P412.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]