甘肃太统-崆峒山国家级自然保护区土壤纤毛虫群落特征Ⅰ  

Community Characteristics of Soil Ciliates in Gansu Taitong-Kongtongshan National Nature Reserve Ⅰ

作　　者：马正学[1] 秦洁[1] 刘有斌 宁应之[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃太统-崆峒山国家级自然保护区管理局,平凉744000

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2009年第1期63-73,共11页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30470208);中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室开放基金资助

摘　　要：为了深入了解自然保护区的生物物种多样性与生态环境现状的关系,为自然保护区的持续发展提供科学资料。作者于2007年8月至2008年3月间,对甘肃太统-崆峒山国家级自然保护区中太统山森林公园不同生境土壤纤毛虫群落特征进行了研究,共鉴定到土壤纤毛虫104种,隶属3纲10目38科49属,其中包括5个未定名种,6个国内土壤纤毛虫新纪录种。5种生境土壤纤毛虫的物种数分别为:油松林53种、沙棘灌丛59种、蔷薇灌丛62种、荒坡40种及农田24种。在该地区土壤纤毛虫群落中,肾形目、前口目和下毛目为优势类群;齿脊肾形虫(Colpoda steini)、苔藓膜袋虫(Cyclidium muscicola)、刚毛胃纤虫(Homalogastra setosa)、梅氏扁豆虫(Phacodinium metchnikoffi)、有肋薄咽虫(Leptopharynx costatus)、长圆膜袋虫(Cyclidium oblongum)、纵长膜袋虫(C.elongatum)、珍珠映毛虫(Cinetochilum margaritaceum)和膨大肾形虫(Colpoda inflata)为优势种。油松林、沙棘灌丛、蔷薇灌丛、荒坡和农田5种生境Gleason-Margalef物种多样性指数依次为6.06、6.51、6.80、4.92和3.17。结果表明,森林、荒坡、农田的纤毛虫物种多样性依次降低,人类活动的干扰导致了土壤纤毛虫物种多样性降低和群落结构趋于简单化。In order to find out the relationship between biological diversity and the current status of the ecological environment to provide scientific references for sustainable development of nature reserve, the community characteristics of soil ciliates in Taitongshan Forest Park of Gansu Taitong-Kongtungshan national nature reserve were studied from August of 2007 to March of 2008. A total 104 species belonging to 49 genera of 38 families from 10 orders of 3 classes were identified, including 5 species unnamed and 6 new records in China. There are 53 species distributed in Pinus tabulaeformis forest, 59 in shrub Hippophae rhamnoides, 62 in shrub rose,40 in waste-slope land and 24 in farmland. Colpodida, Prostomatida and Hypotrichida were dominant orders; and Colpoda steini, Colpoda muscicola, Homalogastra setosa , Phacodinium metchnikoffi , Leptopharynx costatus , Cyclidium oblongum , C . elongatum , Cinetochilum margaritaceum, Colpoda inflata were dominant species. The Gleason-Margalef Species Diversity Index of these five different habitats was 6.06, 6.51, 6.80, 4.92 and 3.17, respectively. The results suggested that ciliate species diversities in forest, waste-slope land and farmland lower in turn. The disturbance of human activities resulted in the reduction of species diversity of soil ciliates and the simpleness of community structure of soil ciliates.

关 键 词：太统山森林公园 土壤纤毛虫 群落特征 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]