大鼠化学去细胞异体神经再血管化的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON REVASCULARIZATION OF CHEMICALLY EXTRACTED ACELLULAR ALLOGENOUS NERVE GRAFT

作　　者：牛晓锋[1] 刘小林[2] 胡军[1] 江丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院黄埔院区上肢骨科,广州510070 [2]中山大学附属第一医院创伤显微外科 [3]中山大学骨科研究所

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2009年第2期235-238,共4页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项目(2006AA02);广州市科技攻关项目(2005Z1-E0091);广东省科技计划项目(2004A30201001)~~

摘　　要：目的观察化学去细胞异体神经移植修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损后再血管化的过程。方法成年雄性SD大鼠80只。取16只SD大鼠坐骨结节至胫、腓神经分叉处的坐骨神经干,制备去细胞神经移植物。取64只SD大鼠随机分为实验组及对照组,每组32只。制备大鼠右侧1.0 cm坐骨神经缺损模型后,实验组采用去细胞神经移植物进行桥接修复;对照组采用自体神经原位桥接修复。观察大鼠术后一般情况,并于术后5、7、10、14、21、28 d及2、3个月,取材行大体观察及ALP染色观察。结果两组大鼠切口均Ⅰ期愈合,术后两组大鼠出现右足拖行,足趾不能伸展,术后6周改善。大体观察见两组移植物均与两端神经连接良好,移植物外观与正常神经相似。术后5 d ALP染色观察,实验组移植物内无微血管长入,对照组移植物内可见微血管长入;7 d实验组移植物内可见微血管长入,但两组移植物中部均未见微血管;10 d、14 d及21d分别见少量纵行微血管贯穿两组移植物;28 d,两组移植物内微血管网未见明显差别;2个月和3个月两组移植物内微血管构筑与正常神经相似。结论化学去细胞同种异体神经移植修复周围神经缺损后,新生微血管能及时长入移植物内。Objective To observe the revascularization process of chemically extracted acellular allogeneous nerve graft in repairing rat sciatic nerve defect. Methods Eighty adult male SD rats were selected. The sciatic nerve trunks from ischial tuberosity to the ramus of tibiofibular nerve of 16 SD rats were obtained and were prepared into acellular nerve stents by chemical reagent. Sixty-four SD rats were used to prepare the models of sciatic nerve defect （1.0 cm） and thereafter were randomized into two groups （n=32）： experimental group in which acellular allogeneous nerve grafts were adopted and control group in which orthotopic transplantation of autologous nerve grafts were adopted. Postoperatively, the general conditions of all rats were observed, and the gross and ALP staining observation were conducted at 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 days and 2, 3 months, respectively. Results All the incisions were healed by first intention. Trailing status and toe＇s dysfunction in extension happened to the right hindlimb of rats in two groups and were improved 6 weeks after operation. General observation showed that the grafts of two groups connected well to the nerves, with appearances similar to that of normal nerve. ALP staining demonstrated that the experimental group had no ingrowth of microvessel but the control group had ingrowth of microvessel 5 days after operation; the experimental group had ingrowth of microvessel but both groups had no microvessel 7 days after operation; few longitudinal microvessel throughout the grafts were observed in both groups 10, 14 and 21 days after operation; no obvious difference in capillary network of grafts was observed between two groups 28 days after operation; and the microvascular architecture of grafts in both groups were similar to that of normal nerve 2 and 3 months after operation. Conclusion When the chemically extracted allogeneous nerve graft is adopted to repair the peripheral nerve defect, new blood microvessels can grow into grafts timely and effectively.

关 键 词：周围神经缺损 去细胞神经 异体移植 再血管化 大鼠 

分 类 号：R651.3[医药卫生—外科学] R622.3[医药卫生—临床医学]