健康人体正常站立位完整股骨生物力学的有限元分析  

Finite element analysis of biomechanics of intact femur in normal human standing model

作　　者：刘杨[1] 牛文鑫[2] 陈正龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医疗器械高等专科学校精密医疗器械系,上海市200093 [2]同济大学生命科学与技术学院生物医学工程研究所,上海市200092

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2008年第52期10251-10253,共3页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：优青基金~~

摘　　要：建立完整的正常人股骨三维有限元模型,并应用于正常站立位生物力学分析。基于序列CT断层扫描图像,应用逆向工程原理,用自编图像处理程序从图像提取点云,并在逆向工程软件和有限元分析软件中建立有限元模型。其中将模型中材料考虑为连续、均质、各向同性的线弹性材料,将皮质骨和松质骨材料参数综合等效为弹性模量12GPa,泊松比是0.3。模拟正常双足站立,股骨头上表面受到垂直向下的分力为500N,执行计算。结果成功建立了有限元模型,最大位移发生在股骨头,最大应力发生在股骨体中下段,为14.2MPa,股骨颈局部拉应力较大。验证了股骨骨折多发于股骨体中下段的理论;并证明了老年人多发股骨颈骨折,并且骨折难愈合的事实,从生物力学角度说明股骨颈骨折后应避免活动。A three dimensional finite element model of normal human femur was established through helical CT images under the principle of RE （reverse engineering） and meshed in the ANSYS 9.0 software. Material of the bone was assigned as contiguous, homogeneous, isotropic and linear elastic property. The parameters of cortical bone and cancellous bone were 12 GPa Young＇s modulus and 0.3 Poisson＇s ratio. Simulation of normal double legs standing was made on the model and the vertical load from the upper surface was 500 N. The model was constructed successfully. The maximal displacement occurred on the femur head, and the maximal yon Mises stress, 14.2 MPa, occurred on the middle and inferior segment of femur stem. The pulling stress was also great in local of the femur neck. The results validate the fact that femoral fracture often happens at the middle and inferior segment of femur stem, and that the elderly are easy to suffer femur neck fracture, and hard to heal. From the viewpoint of biomechanics, they should avoid walking after femoral neck fracture.

关 键 词：股骨 有限元 生物力学 股骨颈骨折 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]