运动能力相关基因的先天遗传与后天转移  

Athletic Performance Enhancement Heredity and Gene Doping

作　　者：李传宝[1] 杜宏武[1] 王爽[1] 吴侔天[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学应用科学学院生物科学与技术系,北京100083 [2]国家体育总局反兴奋剂中心,北京100039

出　　处：《生物技术通讯》2009年第1期126-130,共5页Letters in Biotechnology

基　　金：教育部重点项目(108128);北京市科技新星计划(2007B024);国家大学生创新性实验计划(071030)

摘　　要：对人体生理特性的研究结果显示,部分运动相关基因如α-肌动蛋白-3、血管紧张素Ⅰ转换酶、Ⅱ型活化素受体B的基因多态性会明显影响运动员的运动天赋和体能。建立优秀运动员基因库,发现和鉴定可影响运动能力的基因变异体,使得在儿童中开展DNA测试,挑选适合某种特殊体育项目的运动天才和优化训练方法具有一定现实操作意义。另一方面,随着滥用基因技术以提高运动能力的可能性不断提高,部分基因有可能作为基因兴奋剂,通过基因转移的方法导入人体,其所涉及的伦理问题、对人类健康及社会的潜在危害等,已经引起了来自自然科学和社会科学不同领域的广泛关注。Natural ‘genetic make-up＇ of athletes has been proved to influence the physical performance. Many studies showed that polymorphisms in some genes such as ACTN3, ACE and ACVR2B could affect an athlete＇s performance. On one hand, discovery and characterization of those genetic variants may make it possible to carry out DNA testing in children to identify talents for some a particular sport, or help to optimize training programs. On the other hand, the genes termed as gene doping could be transferred into human body with gene transfer technology to enhance athletic performance in sports. Gene doping would touch ethic questions and potentially harm human health, so it draws the attentions from fields of natural and social science.

关 键 词：运动能力 基因多态性 基因兴奋剂 基因转移 基因治疗 

分 类 号：Q343.1[生物学—遗传学]