中国资源型城市的职能分类与演化特征  

The functional classification and the characteristics of functional transition of Chinese resource-based cities

作　　者：刘云刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275

出　　处：《地理研究》2009年第1期153-160,共8页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(40701041);教育部博士点基金项目(20070558072);留学回国人员科研启动基金资助

摘　　要：资源型城市是中国式"问题城市"的代表,但它本质上不属于同一职能类型。随发展阶段的不同,资源型城市表现出不同的职能特点。本文利用全国城市职能分类的成果,按照优势职能、突出职能、职能强度和职能规模四要素对中国资源型城市的职能特征进行了整理。按照优势职能将资源型城市划分为典型期资源型城市和变异期资源型城市,按照突出职能划分为采掘业城市、制造业城市和商业城市,按照职能强度和职能多样化程度划分为职能专业化和职能多样化的资源型城市。中国资源型城市的职能具有多样化的趋向,但多数城市仍囿于采掘业城市和制造业城市的范畴,并且职能演化缓慢反复。这说明,资源型城市的转型仍将是一个长期的政策命题。Resource-based cities are of great concern in China.Little literature has been published on the understanding of their functions.This paper attempts to define five functional categories of these cities,most of which are dependent on mining to varying degrees. City function features are composed of four elements,i.e.,to superior function,specialised sectors of the city,functional intensity and functional scale.The first element is defined as a ratio of the number of mining employees to that of industrial employees.The other three are defined after Zhou Yixing and Sun Zexing（1997）.The category of samples are modified after Liu Yungang（2006）.Five functional types of cities are identified,i.e.,super specialized mining cities,multiplex mining cities,super specialized industrial cities,multiplex industrial cities and trade cities.These represent progressive functional diversification of the resource-based city.Although cities have shown a trend towards diversification,most remain within their original categories,and functional transition appears to be a long-term process.

关 键 词：资源型城市 矿业城市 职能分类 职能演化 中国 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济]