中国1923～1995年育成的651个大豆品种的遗传基础  

The genetic base for 651 soybean cultivars released during 1923～1995 in China

作　　者：盖钧镒[1] 赵团结[1] 崔章林[1] 邱家驯[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学大豆研究所

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》1998年第1期17-23,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：从１９２３～１９９５年中国６５１个大豆育成品种（包括东北３３０、黄淮海２１０、南方１１１个）的系谱归纳出３４８个祖先亲本，育成品种归属为３４８个细胞核家族和２１４个细胞质家族。全国每个育成品种实际使用的祖先亲本数由１９６０年前的平均１．５９个增至１９９１～１９９５年的平均６．３９个，总平均３．７９个。从一个地区的祖先亲本总数着眼，东北、黄淮海、南方平均每个育成品种拥有的细胞核和细胞质祖先亲本数分别是０．５０、０．２５、０．７１和０．４０、０．９７、０．５４个。祖先亲本的遗传贡献并不平衡，各区均有少数祖先亲本在育成品种中占很大遗传份额，东北地区尤为突出。黑龙江、山东、吉林、江苏等省大豆育成品种的细胞质来源均较为简单。The ancestries of 651 soybean cultivars released during 1923～1995 in China among them 330 from Northeast China, 210 from Huang Huai Hai valleys and 111 from southern China, were analyzed for their 348 final ancestors. The 348 nuclear families and 214 cytoplasmic families composed of the 651 cultivars were found and grouped. For the whole country, the average used ancestors per each released cultivar before 1960 was 1.59 and that during 1991～1995 was up to 6.39, with the over all average during 1923～1995 being 3.79. The ratios of total nuclear and cytoplasmic ancestors to the number of released cultivars in Northeast China , Huang Huai Hai valleys , and southern China were 0.52 and 0.25, 0.71 and 0.40, and 0.97 and 0.54, respectively. A few ancestors contributed their nuclear germplasm to the released cultivars much more than the others, especially the situation in Northeast China, indicating their special importance in previous breeding plan. The same was also true for the cytoplasmic contribution, especially the situation in Heilongjiang, Shandong, Jilin and Jiangsu provinces.

关 键 词：大豆 品种 遗传基础 

分 类 号：S565.102[农业科学—作物学]