西藏自治区法定传染病疫情网络报告及时性分析  

TIMELINESS ANALYSIS ON DIRECT REPORTING OF THE NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFORMATION NETWORK OF TIBET AUTONOMOUS REGION(TAR)

作　　者：达娃桑姆[1] 张菊英[1] 西绕若登 达瓦 次仁顿珠 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医学中心公共卫生学院,成都610041 [2]西藏自治区疾控中心传染病所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第3期548-550,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]比较西藏自治区法定传染病疫情网络直报前后的及时性。[方法]导出西藏自治区2003～2006年传染病疫情数据,运用SPSS13.0计算中位数。[结果]直报前疫情报告的平均时间为11d,直报后该时间仅需3d;甲、乙类传染病疾病构成中呼吸道传染病由13d减为2d,血源及性传播传染病由13d减为3d,肠道传染病由10d减为8d,自然疫源及虫媒传染病由15d延长到17d;几个重点传染病中,痢疾、病毒性肝炎和麻疹由直报前的10、12和17d均减少为2d,肺结核由直报前的12d延长到17d;县区零缺报率比网络直报前高。[结论]网络直报极大地提高了传染病疫情报告的时效性,为及时发现和处置传染病疫情,有效控制其流行发挥积极作用。但西藏自治区传染病疫情网络直报还存在一些问题:传染病疫情网络直报系统不健全、不完整;实现传染病疫情网络直报后县区零缺报率明显升高;传染病疫情报告受到自然环境的制约;肺结核等慢性传染病是影响疫情报告总体态势的最主要病种。[Objective] The study was conducted to compare timeliness before and after implementation of the direct net- work report on notifiable infectious disease of TAR. [ Methods] The report cards of notifiable infectious diseases of TARin 2003-2006 were selected and SPSS13.0 Software was used to calculate the median. [Results] The average report time of notifiable infectious diseases was 11 days in the past time then after implementation of the direct network report, the time was shortened for nearly 8 days than before. In the type of A and B notifiable infectious diseases, respiratory infectious disease was reduced from 13 days to 2 days, transmission of infectious diseases by blood and sex were reduced from 13 days to 3 days, infectious disease of digestive tract was reduced from 10 days to 8 days, natural and insect intermediary infectious disease were prolonged from 15 days to 17 days： For some key notifiable infectious diseases, dysentery was reduced from 10 days to 2 days, viral hepatitis was reduced from 12 days to 2 days, measles was reduced from 17 days to 2 days and tuberculosis was prolonged from 12 days to 17 days. The rate of missing repOrt of the prefectures in Tibet was higher than in 2003. [Conclusion] Imple-mentation of the direct network report system substantially improves the timeliness-effectiveness of epidemic reports and plays an effective and positive role in discovering and treating the infectious diseases on time and controlling the popular and outbreak of the infectious diseases. Some problems are also found in the management and network＇ s information of the direct reporting on infectious diseases in TAR. The systems is still not completed, rate of missing reports rises after implementing direct network report and the information of direct network reporting on infectious diseases is limited by natural environment, the chronic infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and hepatitis B are the main diseases influencing the trend on reporting.

关 键 词：网络直报 法定传染病 及时性 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]