氨氧化古细菌(AOA)的研究进展  

Advances on Ecological Research of Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea

作　　者：陈熙[1] 张明[1] 郭怡雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062

出　　处：《上海化工》2009年第2期1-6,共6页Shanghai Chemical Industry

摘　　要：一直以来,氨氧化细菌(AOB)是硝化反应中负责将NH4+转化成为NO2-的一类无机自养微生物。近几年来国外一些学者于海洋中发现氨氧化古细菌(AOA)存在,它们同样广泛存在于土壤、自然水体、污水处理厂、垃圾渗滤液等产生硝化反应的环境中,负责将氨转化为亚硝酸盐。甚至在某些生态环境中,AOA占主导地位。概述了国外对不同环境下氨氧化古细菌种群多样性的差异,以及各类环境中共有的氨氧化古细菌种类。最后,对今后氨氧化菌深入研究的方向及其功能作了进一步的展望。For long times, ammonia oxidation by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB）is the key process in the nitration reaction. These ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are a kind of inorganic autotrophic microorganism who have the responsibility of transferring NH^4＋ to NO^2-. But in these several years, some foreign researchers found ammonia-oxidizing archaea （AOA）who exist in the marine. They are generally in the environment which contains nitration reaction, such as soils, fresh water, wastewater treatment systems, soils and even wastewater treatment. AOA have the same function as AOB, and in some certain habit, the AOA are the predominant oxidizer. We also summarize the diversity difference between the AOA in various environments. Here we describe our perspectives for the future research of AOA in applied ecology and environmental protection.

关 键 词：氨氧化古细菌 系统发育 生态分布 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q939.1[生物学—微生物学]