乙型肝炎病人和社会人群对乙肝防治相关知识态度行为调查与分析  

THE KNOWLEDGE,ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR ON HEPATITIS B PREVENTION BETWEEN HEPATITIS B PATIENTS AND HEALTHY PEOPLE

作　　者：宋殿海[1] 张守荣[1] 赵建海[1] 陈园生[2] 张永基 马小军[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第4期688-689,691,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心项目资助

摘　　要：[目的]了解乙型肝炎病人和社会人群对乙肝防治知识、态度、行为(KAP),分析乙型肝炎传播危险因素,为制定乙肝防治策略提供依据。[方法]采用随机抽样方法,抽取乙型肝炎病人50人、按1︰2比例抽取社会人群100人,进行回顾性调查。[结果]公共场所划伤皮肤、非正规医疗机构就诊、不良的生活习惯和行为是乙肝传播的主要危险因素。HBsAg感染与乙肝预防知识、态度和行为有关(P﹤0.05)。[结论]病人对乙肝传播的认识尚有误区,主要表现为病人高估了日常生活接触传播的作用而低估了血液传播、性接触传播的危险因素。这种现状不仅不利于乙肝的防治,而且易于引起盲目的恐慌和对乙肝病人的歧视。应加强对乙肝病人及全人群进行乙肝科普知识的宣传,改变不良的生活习惯和行为,对乙肝的综合预防具有重要的意义。[Objective] To investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of Hepatitis B patients and general people and its risk factors of transmitting HBV, so as to put forward countermeasures for preventing and controlling Hepatitis B. [Methods] By randomized sampling method, choose 50 people with Hepatitis B and 100 normal people were selected to investigate with retrospective method. [Results] Skin cutting, getting treatment from a disqualified Clinique, unhealthy habits and bad manners were the high risk factors on Hepatitis B transmission. Knowledge, attitude and behavior had association with Hepatitis B infection and prevention （P 〈 0.05）. [Conclusion] There is a mistake on the knowledge about Hepatitis B transmission in Hepatitis B patients, they overestimate the transmission during the daily contact transmission, but underestimate the risk factors of blood transmission and sex transmission. The situation is adverse to the prevention and control of Hepatitis B, while tends to lead sightless panic and discrimination to patients with HBV. Therefore, propaganda on the knowledge of Hepatitis B prevention, and changing man＇s unhealthy habits and bad behaviors could had significant effect on the comprehensive prevention of HBV.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 传播 危险因素 认识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]