三峡库区血吸虫病潜在流行因素与监测指标研究  

STUDY ON THE POTENTIAL PREVALENT FACTORS AND MONITORING INDEXES OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREAS

作　　者：吴成果[1] 周晓农[2] 肖邦忠[1] 罗兴建[1] 陈伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第4期747-749,759,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：“十五”国家科技攻关项目(2001BA705B08)

摘　　要：[目的]研究三峡建坝后血吸虫病潜在传播的危险因素,为制定三峡库区血吸虫病监测和预防方案提供依据。[方法]2005～2006年,调查三峡建坝后生态环境变化、自血吸虫病疫区引进的植物情况;流动人口和引进的动物的血吸虫病感染情况(血清IHA检测);建坝后社会经济发展变化对血吸虫病传播的潜在影响因素。[结果]三峡库区存在适宜钉螺孳生的环境、从血吸虫病疫区引进大量植物,未发现钉螺;调查流动人口552人,曾感染血吸虫病患病率为2.17%,血清抗体阳性率为1.45%;流动人员的血防知晓率(19.02%)显著高于当地居民(4.85%);从疫区引进大量牲畜,未发现感染血吸虫动物。社会经济发展可能增加血吸虫病传染源传入库区的危险;当地居民生活生产习惯有利于血吸虫感染。监测指标包括引进疫区植物数量、钉螺监测、血清抗体阳性率、粪检阳性率、血防知识知晓率等。[结论]三峡库区存在血吸虫病潜在传播的危险因素,应加强植物引进、流动人员和动物的传染源输入的监测和预防。[Objective] To investigate the potential risk factors for schistosomiasis transmission, so as to provide basis for formulating monitoring and prevention plan in Three Gorges Reservoir Areas. [ Methods] From 2005 to 2006, the ecological environments and the plants imported from the schistosomiasis endemic areas were investigated after the Three Gorges dam construeted ; The infective status of schistosomiasis in floating population and animals from endemic areas were also investigated by the IHA detection. The influencing factors of social-economy development on the transmission of schistosomiasis were investigated as well. [Results] The ecological environment was suitable for snail to breed. No snail was found from the plants imported from the endemic areas. 552 people selected form the floating population were investigated, and 2.17% of them had infected with schistosomiasis as well as the rate positive antibody of them was 1.45%. The awareness rate of knowledge about preventing schistosomiasis among floating population was 19.02% which was significantly higher than that among local residents with the rate of 4.85%. Stocks from the endemic areas did not found to be infected with schistosomiasis： The social-economy development could increase the risk of transmitting schistosomiasis into the Three Gorges dam. The habits and customs of local residents bene-fits for infection with schistosomiasis. The monitoring indexes included the number of exotic plants, oncomelania, positive rate of serum antibody, positive detection rate of feces and awareness rate of knowledge about preventing schistosomiasis. [Conclusion] There were the potential risk factors for schistosomiasis transmission in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of exotic plants and animals as well as floating population.

关 键 词：三峡库区 血吸虫病 因素 监测指标 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]