120例ICU患者获得性感染的原因分析与预防  

CAUSE ANALYSIS OF NOSOCOMIAL ACQUIRED INFECTION IN 120 PATIENTS OF ICU AND PREVENTION

作　　者：刘晓敏[1] 李世珍[1] 吴泽秀[2] 

机构地区：[1]泸州医学院附属医院ICU,四川泸州646000 [2]泸州医学院附属医院神经内科,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《泸州医学院学报》2009年第1期98-100,共3页Journal of Luzhou Medical College

摘　　要：目的：了解ICU获得性感染的致病菌分布及耐药情况，为医院感染的防治提供依据。方法：收集2007年1-12月收治我院ICU的120例患者进行了感染发病率，感染原因，致病菌进行调查。结果：感染发生率37．5％（45／120），发生2例次以上感染者占29．2％（35／120）。与留置尿管相关的泌尿道感染发病率为9.2％，与使用呼吸机相关的肺部感染发病率为36．8％，与气管切开相关的肺部感染发病率为51．7％。感染部位占前3位的是肺部感染54．2％（65／120）、胃肠道感染16．7％（20／120）和泌尿道感染14．2％（17／120）。分离出76株致病菌，仍以革兰氏阴性菌为主，占53．9％（41／76）。居前3位的是绿脓杆菌26．1％（25／76），真菌13．2％（10／76），不动杆菌7．9％（6／76）。结论：ICU获得性感染发生率高，致病菌仍以革兰氏阴性菌为主，革兰氏阳性球菌及真菌有上升趋势，细菌耐药性升高，应建立ICU获得性感染监测制度，合理使用抗菌药物，并采取积极的预防和控制措施。Objective： To explore the pathogen distribution and drug resistance in patients with acquired infection in ICU,so as to provide nosoeomial disease basis for the prevention and treatment of nosocomial disease. Methods： 120 patients under intensive care in our hospital were collected from January to December in 2007,and the rate of infection,the epidemic causes and the distribution of pathogen were investigated.Results：The total incidence of aeguired inpection was 37.5 %; 29.2 % patients infected more than twice. The incidence of catheter related urinary tract infection was 9. 2 % , respirator related lung infection was 36. 8 % and tracheotomy related lung infection was 51.7 %. The top three locations of nosocomial infecfion were respiratory tract （54. 2 %） , alimentary tract（16.7%） and urinary tract （14.2%）. The leading microrganism cultured was gram-negative bacteria, about 53. 9 %. The top three types were pseudemonas aeruginosa （26.1%） , fungus （ 13.2 %） and acinetobacter （7.9%）.Conclusion： There was high incidence of nosocomial disease in ICU. The principal pathogenic bacteria was gram-negative bacteria;gram-positive bacteria and fungus infection had a tendency of increasing. The rate of drug resistance was very high. It is advisable to set up proper surveillance system, rational use of antibiotics and active prevention measures in ICU.

关 键 词：ICU 医院感染 预防 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]