合成气一步法合成清洁汽油的研究进展  

Recent Advances in One-Step Synthesis of Clean Gasoline from Syngas

作　　者：郝青青[1,2] 胥娜[1,2] 刘昭铁[1,2] 吕剑[1] 刘忠文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]应用表面与胶体化学教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710062 [2]陕西师范大学化学与材料科学学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《石油化工》2009年第2期207-214,共8页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2007B12);宁夏大学能源化工自治区重点实验室开放课题(2006001)

摘　　要：综述了以合成气为原料经费-托合成一步法生产以异构烷烃为主的清洁汽油工艺的研究进展。介绍了不同工艺条件下,负载型、物理混合型及核壳结构型双功能催化剂上费-托合成产物的分布规律,特别是汽油馏分中异构烷烃的选择性。分析了各类催化剂及相关工艺存在的问题,并指出如何提高费-托合成催化剂与分子筛或负载贵金属分子筛的复合效果,从而增强不同功能催化剂组分间的协同作用,以降低甲烷等低碳烃的选择性是进一步研究的主要方向。Fischer-Tropsch （Fr）synthesis is an effective process to produce liquid fuels and high- value added fine chemicals from syngas originated from coal, natural gas and biomass. Due to the limitation of Anderson-Schulz-Flory distribution, FT products are very complicated hydrocarbons mixture. To date, it is commonly believed that a second catalytic function besides the FT active center is essential for selective synthesis of desired products by FT synthesis. Since branched alkanes are environmentally more acceptable in boosting the octane number of gasoline, the up-to-date advances for one-step synthesis of clean gasoline （ mainly iso-paraffins） from syngas over bifunctional catalyst via FT synthesis are reviewed. Under different reaction processes, product distributions, especially selectivity to iso-paraffins in gasoline cut, over bifunctional catalysts including supported form, physical mixture and core/shell type are comparatively introduced in detail. Application of encapsulated catalyst of zeolite membrane in this reaction is highlighted. Finally, the problems to be solved in future, and development trends for further works, e.g. , how to prepare bifunctional catalyst to strengthen the synergetic effect between different catalytic functions, are stated.

关 键 词：费-托合成 合成气 异构烷烃 清洁汽油 双功能催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ529.2[化学工程—煤化学工程]