昆明地区滇蛙两性生殖器官的生长及发育同步性  

Growth and Synchrony of Reproductive Organs in Males and Females of Rana pleuraden in Kunming Area,Yunnan

作　　者：周伟[1] 刘钊[1] 吴飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林学院保护生物学学院云南省高校森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2009年第1期99-104,共6页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(2000C0054M);Russell E.Train Education for Nature(EFN) Program(RJ17);WWF项目

摘　　要：月平均采集并解剖滇蛙14—16只(雌雄约各半),测量体长、体重、脂肪体重、精巢重、卵巢重、精巢体积和输卵管直径等。以体长为协变量做协方差分析,结果显示,精巢重、卵巢重、精巢体积、输卵管直径在年周期内差异显著,呈周年规律性变化。滇蛙的繁殖期为4—6月,5月下旬至6月上旬为繁殖高峰。异速生长分析和回归分析结果显示,性腺发育与体重和体长多呈正异速生长(b>1),个体增长对性腺的发育有显著影响。个体较大的滇蛙年生殖频次至少为2次,这是提高繁殖成功率的繁殖策略之一。性腺发育与脂肪体重呈负异速生长(b<1)。脂肪体为繁殖和冬眠提供能量储备,脂肪体重在繁殖高峰期达最小值。少数脂肪储存不足的个体通过延迟冬眠时间积累能量,以便安全越冬。相关性分析和交叉相关分析结果显示,两性生殖腺的发育具有显著的相关性,但生殖腺的发育并非完全同步。雄蛙精巢的发育具有一定的滞后性,因为卵的成熟比精子的成熟需要更长的时间。但精巢体积和输卵管直径发育具同步性,这恰是为授精做好了准备。Fourteen to sixteen specimens of Rana pleuraden （the numbers of male and female almost equal） were collected and dissected each month. Their snout-vent length, weight of body fat, spermary and ovary, volume of spermary, and diameter of oviducts were measured. The lengths of the snout-vents were analyzed by an ANOVA as a covariate factor. The results showed that there were significant differences in the weight of spermary and ovary, volume of spermary, and diameter of oviduct, which changed annually. The breeding season of R. pleuraden appeared from April to June and the breeding peak appeared from late May to early June. The analysis of allometric and regression showed that the growth of reproductive organs was mostly positive allometric （b〉1） with snout-vent length or body weight. This meant that the growth of reproductive organs was substantially influenced by individual growth. The bigger individuals spawned at least twice per year, which was one of the reproductive strategies to enhance successful reproduction. The development of reproductive organs was negative allometric （b〈1） to the weight of body fat. Body fat provided energy for reproduction and hibernation. Weight of body fat declined to the lowest point during the breeding peak. When less fat was deposited, a few individuals would delay hibernation in order to accumulate more energy to ensure safe living through the winter. The analysis of a Pearson correlation and cross correlation showed a significant correlation in the development of reproductive organs both in males and females. However, development of reproductive organs in males and females were not completely synchronic, and the spermary grew slowly because the maturation of eggs required longer time compared to sperm. Volume of spermary developed synchronously with diameter of oviduct, which was a good preparation for insemination.

关 键 词：滇蛙 生殖器官 脂肪体 异速生长 同步性 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]