胰腺β细胞分化的信号通路调控  

Signal pathway regulation of pancreatic beta cell defferentiation

作　　者：唐小龙[1] 张洹[1] 朱康儿[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院血液病研究所,广东省广州市510632

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2009年第5期907-910,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金："间充质干细胞定向分化的机制及其应用"国务院侨办重点学科基金资助(2005)~~

摘　　要：细胞替代治疗给糖尿病的根治带来了新希望。文章综述了近年来干细胞向胰岛细胞定向分化的分子研究进展,综合分析细胞信号通路在β细胞分化发育过程中所发挥的作用。其中Wnts信号是通过阻止β-Catenin分解从而激活Tcf/Lef介导的转录,促进干细胞向内胚层分化;Notch及其配体Delta或Jagged也对干细胞分化有重要影响,当Notch活性被抑制时,干细胞进入分化程序,发育为功能细胞;Hedgehog信号转导对许多发育过程是必须的,其主要以浓度依赖方式控制细胞的增殖、分化和组织的形成,这些信号通路按一定的顺序上调或下调,以启动PDX1等β细胞分化相关的转录因子的表达,从而调控着β细胞的分化发育。因此深入分析并通过调控这些信号通路为以后进行相关细胞定向分化,获取发育成熟、功能完整的β细胞,进行细胞治疗糖尿病奠定基础。Cellular substitution therapy is recognized as a novel promising strategy in radical cure of diabetes mellitus. This paper was designed to review studies in recent years relating to the molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation from stem cell to islet cell, and to analyze the role of cellular signal pathway on the early pancreatic development and endocrine cell （specifically β -cell） differentiation. Wnts signal pathway may activate transcription factors mediated by Tcf/Lef and determine endodermal differentiation through the interruption for β -Catenin decomposition; Differentiation of stem cells into functional cells is accomplished by lateral inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway, as well as its ligamd Delta or Jagged. Hedgehog signal transduction plays a imperative role on the development process, regulates the cellular proliferation and tissue formation. The up-regulation or down-regulation of these signal pathways may control the differentiation and development of β -cell by initiating the expression of transcription factors, such as pdxl. These data indicate that signal pathway regulation might have a considerable significance in the further study in cellular directional differentiation to the full-grown and well-functional β -cell for the cellular therapy of diabetes mellitus.

关 键 词：干细胞 细胞分化 信号传递 转录因子 

分 类 号：R562.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]