走向可持续的邻里：社会规划在中国的作用--以浙江省宁波市为例  

Towards Sustainable Neighborhoods:the Role of Social Planning in China—A Case Study of Ningbo,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：约翰·弗里德曼[1,2] 陈芳[3] 

机构地区：[1]美国加州大学洛杉矶分校 [2]加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学 [3]宁波大学建筑工程与环境学院建筑学系

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2009年第1期16-24,共9页Urban Planning International

摘　　要：本文旨在讨论加强邻里规划的重要性,它不仅能提高生活质量,同时也将促进弱势群体的社会融合,减少新的社会分异,促进生态可持续发展。实证研究对象是90年代以来的宁波市。文章第二部分对宁波市的发展做了简要回顾,重点集中在近年来的人口变化方面。人口统计数据的动态变化主要表现在来自全国外来人口的净迁入量上,其社会政策影响在第三部分中有所分析。接下来的两部分对邻里治理的新系统,即社区居民委员会进行了评述,作者认为这种新的地方自治基础设施对于解决上述生态可持续性、社会融合以及邻里尺度上的生活质量等问题提供了一种独特的机会。文章最后还探讨了邻里规划者如何依循这些方法致力于地方倡导,并论及这种新方法对于规划教育的影响。This paper argues for a strengthened form of neighborhood planning designed not only to improve the quality of life but also to promote the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups and a more ecologically sustainable development. The empirical focus is the municipality of Ningbo from 1990 onwards. Following the introduction, the paper takes a quick look in Section 2 at the development of Ningbo municipality, concentrating on recent changes in the city＇ s demographic profile. The most dynamic dimension of this demographic is the net in-flow of rural migrants from across China, and its implications for social policy are traced in Section 3. In the next two sections, the new system of neighborhood governance, the shequ Residence Committees, is described. The authors argue that this new infrastructure of local governance affords a unique opportunity for a new approach to solving the critical urban problems of ecological sustainability, social inclusion, and quality of life at the neighborhood level. After showing how neighborhood planners might contribute to local initiatives for neighborhood improvement, the paper concludes with some comments on the implications of this approach for planning education.

关 键 词：邻里规划 生态可持续性 社会融合 生活质量 邻里规划 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理] TU984[社会学]