碘过量与维生素A交互作用对垂体-甲状腺轴形态学变化的影响  

Effect of interactions of excessive iodine and vitamin A on morphological changes of the pituitary-thyroid axis

作　　者：刘丽香[1] 申红梅[1] 乔冬菊[1] 张智毅[1] 于钧[1] 张树彬[1] 李颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心碘缺乏病防治研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2009年第1期5-8,共4页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(D0315)

摘　　要：目的观察碘过量与维生素A交互作用对垂体-甲状腺轴形态结构变化的影响。方法将昆明种小鼠分为5组:对照组(NI);高碘组(HI);低维生素A组(LVA);高碘低维生素A组(HI+LVA);高碘补维生素A组(HI+VA)。在实验3个月、6个月时,测定小鼠甲状腺绝对质量与相对质量,观察甲状腺组织形态变化及甲状腺和脑垂体超微结构的变化。结果3个月、6个月时HI组小鼠甲状腺绝对质量和相对质量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);HI+VA组小鼠的绝对质量和相对质量6个月时显著低于HI+LVA组(P<0.05),略轻于HI组。光镜下甲状腺肿发生比率3个月时,HI组、HI+LVA组、HI+VA组均高于NI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);6个月时,除LVA组,其余各组均高于NI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。光镜结果显示3个月时HI组已经出现高碘性甲状腺肿,电镜下呈现甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞损伤,HI+VA组这种状况有所改善。结论维生素A对甲状腺形态有一定的保护作用;补充适量的维生素A能使高碘小鼠的甲状腺质量和甲肿率降低,但不足以恢复到适碘组水平,说明补充维生素A可以部分拮抗高碘造成的影响。Objective To investigate the effect of interactions of excessive iodine and vitamin A on morphological changes of the pituitary - thyroid axis. Methods Kunming mice were divided into 5 groups： normal control （NI） group; high iodine （HI） group; low vitamin（LVA） group; high iodine plus low vitamin A （ HI ＋ LVA） group; high iodine plus vitamin A（ HI ＋ VA） group; The relative and absolute weight, morphology of thyroid gland were observed, uhramierostructurc of thyroid and pituitary were measured at the end of 3rd and 6 th months. Results Compared with NI group, both the relative and absolute weight of thyroid increased remarkably in HI group at the end of 3rd months and 6th months. At the end of 6th months, compared with HI ＋ LVA group, both of the relative and absolute weight were significantly increased in HI ＋ LVA group. At the end of 3rd months the incidence rate of goiter（ observed by electron microscope） in HI, HI ＋ LVA and HI ＋ VA2 group was significantly higer than that in NI group. At the end of 6th months compared to NI group, the rate was increased in other groups（ except LVA）. At the end of 3rd months colloid goiter（observed by light microscope） were found in HI group. Electron microscope showed follicular thyroid epithelial cell injury, in HI ＋ VA group that situation has improved. Conclusion Vitamin A has protective effect on forming shape of thyroid. Supplementation of suitable vitamin A can partially ameliorate the recovery of the goiter and decrease the weight of thyroid and the rate of goiter. But it can not recover to normal thoroughly.

关 键 词：碘 维生素A 甲状腺形态学 脑垂体超微结构 

分 类 号：O613.44[理学—无机化学]