稻属三种植物叶片下表皮形态比较  

The Morphological Comparison of Abaxial Epidermis of Leaf in Three Oryza Species

作　　者：马永婷[1] 包颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2009年第1期29-37,共9页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30470124;30770145);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-06-0609);山东省博士基金(2007BS08020);山东省"十一五"省级重点学科项目;曲阜师范大学博士科研启动基金项目资助

摘　　要：稻属有20多种,其中3种和其他物种明显不同。Oryzaeichingeri被认为在亚洲和非洲间断分布;O.officinalis和O.punctata被证明同时含有二倍体和四倍体。为了识别种内微形态差异,利用光镜和扫描电镜,对这3个物种的成熟叶片下表皮进行了观察。结果表明,O.eichingeri的叶脉长细胞乳突形状在种内是不一致的,除了斯里兰卡地理宗具有的瘤状乳突外,乌干达地理宗还具有长条状的乳突;同样,种内多样性也存在于O.officinalis和O.punctata内,特别存在于它们不同倍性的细胞型间。在O.officinalis中,四倍体有粒状气孔器外围乳突和脉带表皮毛较少,二倍体细胞型具有三角形拱状排列的气孔器外围乳突和较密集的脉带表皮毛;而在O.punctata中,和四倍体相比,二倍体具有小的长细胞表面乳突和低密度分布的气孔。这些稳定的差异为3种植物的种内鉴定和分类修订提供了新的证据。The genus Oryza includes more than 20 species, 3 of which differ particularly from the others. O. eichingeri is thought to distribute in both Asia and Africa disjunct, while the species O. officinalis and O. punctata have been confirmed to have both diploidy and tetraploidy. Abaxial epidermal characters of mature leaves in the 3 species were investigated under both light microscope （LM） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） to identify intraspecies micromorphological difference. Inconstant shape of the papilhes on the intercostal long cells within O. eichingeri was found. Except the nodular papillaes distributing on the leaf epidermis of Sri Lanka geographical race of the species, the elongate papilhes were also observed in Uganda race. Similarly, interspecies diversity existed in O. officmalis and O. punctata, especially among their different ploidies. In contrast to the granular shape papillaes around the stomata and less density of trichoma on costal zones in tetraploidies of O. officinalis, the triangle and overarching shape papillaes, and denser trachoma were observed in diploidies. Meanwhile, comparing with their tetraploid counterparts, the small papfllaes on the intercostal long cells and low density of stoma were otherwise found in diploidies of O. punctata. These stable differences on abaxial epidermis of leaves could provide new evidences for recognition of the three species and identification of intraspecies taxa.

关 键 词：稻属 倍性 地理族 叶片下表皮 乳突 表皮毛 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学] S511[农业科学—作物学]